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The Expanding and Accelerating Universe

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2016

Brian P. Schmidt
Brian P. Schmidt*
Affiliation:
Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Mt. Stromlo Observatory, The Australian National University, via Cotter Rd, Weston Creek, ACT 2611, Australia; brian@mso.anu.edu.au

Summary

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Measuring distances back to a significant portion of the look back time probes the make-up of the Universe, through the effects of different types of matter on the cosmological geometry and expansion. Over the past five years two teams have used type Ia supernovae to trace the expansion of the Universe to a look back time more than 70% of the age of the Universe. These observations show an accelerating Universe which is best explained by a cosmological constant, or other form of dark energy with an equation of state near w = p/ρ = −1. There are many possible lurking systematic effects. However, while difficult to completely eliminate, none of these appears large enough to challenge current results. However, as future experiments attempt to better characterize the equation of state of the matter leading to the observed acceleration, these systematic effects will ultimately limit progress.

Type
Part VIII Supernovae, Gamma-Ray Bursters, and Cosmology
Information
International Astronomical Union Colloquium , Volume 192: Cosmic Explosions , 2005 , pp. 511 - 523
Copyright
Copyright © Springer-Verlag 2005

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