Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-nr4z6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-05T18:20:06.523Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Development and Decline of the Bampur Valley, Based on the New Archaeological Evidence from Prehistoric Period

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2022

Hossein Moradi
Affiliation:
Department of Architecture, Borujen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujen, Iran
Hossein Sarhaddi-Dadian
Affiliation:
University of Zabol
Nik Hassan Shuhami Nik Abdul Rahman
Affiliation:
The National University of Malaysia

Abstract

This paper consists of some of the findings of the authors during their research at prehistoric sites of Bampur and its surrounding areas in August 2011. These areas, which have been introduced as Bampur-related sites, comprise an area about of 5–10 kilometers and belong to the Bronze Age. The paper introduces, categorizes and analyzes the archaeological findings in relation to the Bampur collection. The archaeological findings show that: (1) unlike the previous belief, there existed a peak settlement dated back to the Chah Husseini period which was prior to Bampur I; (2) in fact, Bampur II–IV had larger populations due to growth of trade and commerce and their relations with Yahya and Mesopotamia; (3) the later periods of the Bampur collection show a decreasing number of sites at Bampur VI.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © 2014 The International Society for Iranian Studies

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

The authors would like to express their gratitude to Mr. Hassan Ali Shahraki, Director of the Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization of Sistan and Baluchistan State, for an invaluable contribution to the proposed research, and our special thanks go to members of the research group, Mohammadreza Eghliman, Sayeed Reigi, Mehrnoush Momeni Borujeni and Ahmadreza Sheikhi.

References

1 Sajjaddi, S.M.S., Archaeology and Baluchestan History (Tehran, 1995), 100 (in Persian).Google Scholar

2 Stein, A., Archaeological Reconnaissance in North-Western India and South Eastern Iran (London, 1937), 137.Google Scholar

3 Caldwell, J.R., “Investigation at Tall I Iblis,” Preliminary Report (Illinois State Museum, 1967), 121.Google Scholar

4 Stein, Archaeological Reconnaissance, 127 and 492; C.C. Lamberg-Karlovsky, Excavations at Tepe Yahya, Iran, 1967–1969: Progress Report 27 (Mu′assasa-i Āsyā′ī, and Harvard University: American School of Prehistoric Research, 1970), 37 and 39; Lamberg-Karlovsky, C.C. and Besserat, D.S., An Evaluation of the Bampur, Khorab and Chah Hosseini Collections in the Peabody Museum and Relations with Tepe Yahya, ed. Young, C. and Levine, L. (Malibu, 1977), 113–34Google Scholar.

5 M. Tosi, “Bampūr: A Problem of Isolation,” East and West 24, nos. 1–2 (1974): 44–5.

6 Tosi, M., “A Tomb from Dāmin and the Problem of the Bampūr Sequence in the Third Millennium BC,” East and West 20 (1970): 1114.Google Scholar

7 Stein, Archaeological Reconnaissance, 122–5.

8 DeCardi, B., “Excavations at Bampūr, Se Iran: A Brief Report,” Iran 6 (1968): 135–55.Google Scholar

9 DeCardi, B., “Excavations at Bampur, a Third Millennium Settlement in Persian Baluchistan 1966,” Anthropological Papers of the AMN 51, no. 3 (1970): 269Google Scholar; Salvatori, S. and Tosi, M., “Shahr-I Sokhta Revised Sequence.” Paper presented at the South Asian Archaeology 2001 (Paris, 2005)Google Scholar, fig. 13; Besenval, R., “Chronology of Protohistoric Kech-Makran,” in South Asian Archaeology 2001, ed. Jarrige, C. and Lefèvre, V. (Paris, 2005), 1724Google Scholar.

10 Sajjadi, S.M.S., Bampur Tepe, and the First Season of Excavations at Bampur Tepe with the Contributions of: M. Zaruri, S. Surtechi and H. Moradi (Tehran, 2005)Google Scholar, in Persian.

11 Stein, Archaeological Reconnaissance, 111–12.

12 Caldwell, “Investigation at Tall I Iblis,” 121.

13 Lamberg-Karlovsky, C.C. et al., “Excavations at Tepe Yahya, Iran, 1967–1975 the Early Periods” (United States, 1986)Google Scholar, fig. 4; Lamberg-Karlovsky, Excavations at Tepe Yahya, Iran, figs. 37, 39.

14 Stein, Archaeological Reconnaissance, 111–12.

15 Didier, A., Archeologie Des Confins Indo-Iraniens: Etude De La Production Ceramique Du Kech—Makran (Pakistan) Dans La Premiere Moitie Du Iii Millenaire Av.J.C, Volume Ii: Figures (Paris, 2007), 24.Google Scholar

16 Sajjadi, Bampur Tepe, 35.

17 Stein, Archaeological Reconnaissance, table VII; DeCardi, “Excavations at Bampur, a Third Millennium Settlement,” 387–8.

18 Potts, D.T., “Tepe Yahya, Tell Abraq and the Chronology of the Bampur Sequence,” Iranica Antiqua 38 (2005): 78.Google Scholar

19 DeCardi, “Excavations at Bampur, a Third Millennium Settlement,” 239–40; Tosi, “A Tomb from Dāmin,” 30.

20 Lamberg-Karlovsky, C.C., “Trade Mechanisms in Indus-Mesopotamian Interrelations,” Journal of the American Oriental Society 92, no. 2 (1972): 227.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

21 Beale, T.W., “Early Trade in Highland Iran: A View from a Source Area,” World Archaeology 5, no. 2 (1973): 136, 138.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

22 Lamberg-Karlovsky, , “Trade Mechanisms in Indus-Mesopotamian Interrelations,” Journal of the American Oriental Society 92, no. 2 (1972): 228.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

23 Amiet, P., Tosi, M., and Meriggi, P., “Phase 10 at Shahr-I Sokhta: Excavations in Square Xdv and the Late 4th Millennium B.C. Assemblage of Sīstān,” East and West 28 (1978)Google Scholar: fig. 16.

24 Lamberg-Karlovsky, “Trade Mechanisms in Indus–Mesopotamian Interrelations,” 227–8.

25 Tosi, “Bampūr: A Problem of Isolation,” 49.

26 DeCardi, “Excavations at Bampur, a Third Millennium Settlement,” table 2.

27 Tosi, “Bampūr: A Problem of Isolation.”

28 De Cardi, “Excavations at Bampūr, Se Iran: A Brief Report,” 243.

29 Caldwell, “Investigation at Tall I Iblis,” 121

30 Stein, Archaeological Reconnaissance, 127, 492.

31 Raikes, R.L. and Dyson, R.H., “The Prehistoric Climate of Baluchistan and the Indus Valley1,” American Anthropologist 63, no. 2 (1961): 256–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

32 Vidali, E. and Lamberg-Karlovsky, C.C., “Prehistoric Settlement Patterns around Tepe Yahya: A Quantitative Analysis,” Journal of Near Eastern Studies 35, no. 4 (1976): 237–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

33 Tosi, “Bampūr: A Problem of Isolation,” 32.

34 DeCardi, “Excavations at Bampur, a Third Millennium Settlement,” 258.

35 Salvatori and Tosi, “Shahr-I Sokhta Revised Sequence,” 283

36 Lamberg-Karlovsky, Excavations at Tepe Yahya, 228.

37 Besenval, R., “Chronology of Protohistoric Kech-Makran,” in South Asian Archaeology 2001, ed. Jarrige, C. and Lefèvre, V. (Paris, 2005), 56.Google Scholar

38 Tosi, M., “The Cultural Sequence of Shahr-i-Sokhta,” Bulletin of the Asia Institute 3 (1973): 68.Google Scholar

39 Biscione, R., “Relative Chronology and Pottery Connections between Shahr-I Sokhta and Mundigak, Eastern Iran,” Memorie del V Istituto Italiano di Paleontologia Umana II (1974): 131–2.Google Scholar

40 Potts, D.T., Excavations at Tepe Yahya, Iran 1967–1975 (Cambridge, MA, 2001), 203–6.Google Scholar

41 Besenval, “Chronology of Protohistoric Kech-Makran,” fig. 13.

42 Salvatori and Tosi, “Shahr-I Sokhta Revised Sequence,” 290.

43 Besenval, “Chronology of Protohistoric Kech-Makran,” 7.

44 Alden, J.R. et al., “Trade and Politics in Proto-Elamite Iran,” Current Anthropology 23, no. 6 (1982): 627–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

45 Potts, “Tepe Yahya, Tell Abraq and the Chronology of the Bampur Sequence,” 7–8.