Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dlnhk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-03T15:56:57.014Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Substitution of various agricultural by-products improves fermentation profile and in vitro digestibility of rice straw silage

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 June 2022

Sifan Chen
Affiliation:
Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
Junfeng Li
Affiliation:
Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
Zhihao Dong
Affiliation:
Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
Jian Wang
Affiliation:
College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
Jie Zhao
Affiliation:
Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
Siran Wang
Affiliation:
Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
Yushan Jia
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
Tao Shao*
Affiliation:
Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
*
Author for correspondence: Tao Shao, E-mail: taoshaolan@163.com

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of substituting rice straw with citrus pulp (CRP), sweet potato peels (SPP) and vines (SPV) on fermentation quality and in vitro digestibility when ensiled with or without wet brewers' grains (WBG). Seven treatments were set as follows: (i) rice straw only (control); (ii) 800 g rice straw/kg + 200 g CRP/kg (RC); (iii) 720 g rice straw/kg + 180 g CRP/kg + 100 g WBG/kg (RC+); (iv) 800 g rice straw/kg + 200 g SPP/kg (RP); (v) 720 g rice straw + 180 g SPP/kg + 100 g WBG/kg (RP+); (vi) 800 g rice straw/kg + 200 g SPV/kg (RV); (vii) 720 g rice straw/kg + 180 g SPV/kg + 100 g WBG/kg (RV+). After ensiling for 3, 7, 14, 30 and 60 days, silos were opened for fermentation profile, aerobic stability and in vitro parameter analyses. All substitution types improved fermentation quality, characterized by significantly lower pH and NH3-N content, higher lactic acid content and V-scores. WBG application promoted hetero-fermentation and significantly increased DM losses, acetic acid and ethanol contents. After 60 days of ensiling, the NDF, ADF and cellulose contents in mixed silages significantly decreased compared to control. During aerobic exposure, WBG application significantly prolonged aerobic stability. SPV substitution significantly improved in vitro digestibility of dry matter, NDF and ADF. In conclusion, the SPP substitution combined with WBG application was recommended as a result of the optimal balance of fermentation quality, aerobic stability and in vitro digestibility.

Type
Animal Research Paper
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ali, R, Mlambo, V, Mangwe, MC and Dlamini, BJ (2016) Chemical composition, nitrogen degradability and in vitro ruminal biological activity of tannins in vines harvested from four tropical sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) varieties. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 100, 6168.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Anastácio, A and Carvalho, IS (2013) Phenolics extraction from sweet potato peels: key factors screening through a Placket–Burman design. Industrial Crops and Products 43, 99105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
AOAC Association of Official Analytical Chemists (2000) Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of the Analytical Chemists, 17th Edn. Arlington, VA, USA: AOAC Association of Official Analytical Chemists.Google Scholar
Broderick, GA and Kang, JH (1980) Automated simultaneous determination of ammonia and total amino acids in ruminal fluid and in vitro media. Journal of Dairy Science 63, 6475.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cao, Y, Cai, Y, Hirakubo, T, Fukui, H and Matsuyama, H (2011) Fermentation characteristics and microorganism composition of total mixed ration silage with local food by-products in different seasons. Animal Science Journal 82, 259266.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chen, L, Dong, Z, Li, J and Shao, T (2019) Ensiling characteristics, in vitro rumen fermentation, microbial communities and aerobic stability of low-dry matter silages produced with sweet sorghum and alfalfa mixtures. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 99, 21402151.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Contreras-Govea, FE, Muck, RE, Mertens, DR and Weimer, PJ (2011) Microbial inoculant effects on silage and in vitro ruminal fermentation, and microbial biomass estimation for alfalfa, bmr corn, and corn silages. Animal Feed Science and Technology 163, 210.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Desta, ST, Yuan, X, Li, J and Shao, T (2016) Ensiling characteristics, structural and nonstructural carbohydrate composition and enzymatic digestibility of Napier grass ensiled with additives. Bioresource Technology 221, 447454.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dewar, WA, McDonald, P and Whittenbury, R (1963) The hydrolysis of grass hemicelluloses during ensilage. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 14, 411417.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Filya, I (2003) The effect of Lactobacillus buchneri and Lactobacillus plantarum on the fermentation, aerobic stability, and ruminal degradability of low dry matter corn and sorghum silages. Journal of Dairy Science 86, 35753581.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gebrehanna, MM, Gordon, RJ, Madani, A, VanderZaag, AC and Wood, JD (2014) Silage effluent management: a review. Journal of Environmental Management 143, 113122.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Joo, YH, Kim, DH, Paradhipta, DHV, Lee, HJ, Amanullah, SM, Kim, SB, Chang, JS and Kim, SC (2018) Effect of microbial inoculants on fermentation quality and aerobic stability of sweet potato vine silage. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 31, 18971902.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kung, L, Robinson, JR, Ranjit, NK, Chen, JH, Golt, CM and Pesek, JD (2000) Microbial populations, fermentation end-products, and aerobic stability of corn silage treated with ammonia or a propionic acid-based preservative. Journal of Dairy Science 83, 14791486.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kung, L Jr, Shaver, RD, Grant, RJ and Schmidt, RJ (2018) Silage review: interpretation of chemical, microbial, and organoleptic components of silages. Journal of Dairy Science 101, 40204033.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Li, P, Ji, S, Wang, Q, Qin, M, Hou, C and Shen, Y (2017) Adding sweet potato vines improve the quality of rice straw silage. Animal Science Journal 88, 625632.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maloney, KP, Truong, VD and Allen, JC (2012) Chemical optimization of protein extraction from sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) peel. Journal of Food Science 77, 307312.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Menke, KH and Steingass, H (1988) Estimation of the energetic feed value obtained from chemical analysis and in vitro gas production using rumen fluid. Animal Research and Development 28, 755.Google Scholar
Migwi, PK, Gallagher, JR and Van Barneveld, RJ (2000) Effect of molasses on the fermentation quality of wheat straw and poultry litter ensiled with citrus pulp. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 40, 825829.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mugabe, W, Yuan, X, Li, J, Dong, Z and Shao, T (2019) Effects of hexanoic acid, Lactobacillus plantarum and their combination on the fermentation characteristics of Napier grass. Animal Feed Science and Technology 253, 135140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pirmohammadi, R, Rouzbehan, Y, Rezayazdi, K and Zahedifar, M (2006) Chemical composition, digestibility and in situ degradability of dried and ensiled apple pomace and maize silage. Small Ruminant Research 66, 150155.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Playne, MJ and McDonald, P (1966) The buffering constituents of herbage and of silage. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 17, 264268.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rymer, C, Huntington, JA, Williams, BA and Givens, DI (2005) In vitro cumulative gas production techniques: history, methodological considerations and challenges. Animal Feed Science and Technology 123–124, 930.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seo, DJ and Sakoda, A (2014) Assessment of the structural factors controlling the enzymatic saccharification of rice straw cellulose. Biomass and Bioenergy 71, 4757.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tabacco, E, Piano, S, Cavallarin, L, Bernardes, TF and Borreani, G (2009) Clostridia spore formation during aerobic deterioration of maize and sorghum silages as influenced by Lactobacillus buchneri and Lactobacillus plantarum inoculants. Journal of Applied Microbiology 107, 16321641.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Takahashi, T, Horiguchi, K and Goto, M (2005) Effect of crushing unhulled rice and the addition of fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria on the fermentation quality of whole crop rice silage, and its digestibility and rumen fermentation status in sheep. Animal Science Journal 76, 353358.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomas, AT (1977) An automated procedure for the determination of soluble carbohydrates in herbage. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 28, 639642.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vansoest, PJ, Robertson, JB and Lewis, BA (1991) Methods for dietary fibre, neutral detergent fibre, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relatation of animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science 74, 35833597.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, F and Nishino, N (2008) Ensiling of soybean curd residue and wet brewers grains with or without other feeds as a total mixed ration. Journal of Dairy Science 91, 23802387.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wang, S, Li, J, Dong, Z, Chen, L and Shao, T (2018) Inclusion of alfalfa improves nutritive value and in vitro digestibility of various straw-grass mixed silages in Tibet. Grass and Forage Science 73, 694704.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, S, Zhao, J, Yu, C, Li, J, Tao, X, Chen, S and Shao, T (2020) Nutritional evaluation of wet brewers’ grains as substitute for common vetch in ensiled total mixed ration. Italian Journal of Animal Science 19, 10151025.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilkinson, JM and Davies, DR (2013) The aerobic stability of silage: key findings and recent developments. Grass and Forage Science 68, 119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yuan, X, Yu, C, Li, Z, Shimojo, M and Shao, T (2013) Effect of inclusion of grasses and wet hulless-barley distillers’ grains on the fermentation and nutritive quality of oat straw- and straw-grass silages in Tibet. Animal Production Science 53, 419426.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yuan, XJ, Wang, J, Guo, G, Wen, AY, Desta, ST and Shao, T (2016) Effects of ethanol, molasses and Lactobacillus plantarumon fermentation characteristics and aerobic stability of total mixed ration silages. Grass and Forage Science 71, 328338.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, Q, Yu, Z and Na, RS (2018) Effects of different additives on fermentation quality and aerobic stability of Leymus chinensis silage. Grass and Forage Science 73, 413419.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhao, J, Dong, Z, Li, J, Chen, L, Bai, Y, Jia, Y and Shao, T (2019) Effects of lactic acid bacteria and molasses on fermentation dynamics, structural and nonstructural carbohydrate composition and in vitro ruminal fermentation of rice straw silage. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 32, 783791.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhao, J, Dong, Z, Chen, L, Wang, S and Shao, T (2020) The replacement of whole-plant corn with bamboo shoot shell on the fermentation quality, chemical composition, aerobic stability and in vitro digestibility of total mixed ration silage. Animal Feed Science and Technology 259, 114348.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhao, J, Wang, S, Dong, Z, Li, J, Jia, Y and Shao, T (2021) Effect of storage time and the level of formic acid on fermentation characteristics, epiphytic microflora, carbohydrate components and in vitro digestibility of rice straw silage. Animal Bioscience 34, 10381048.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed