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Effect of increasing concentrations of total dissolved salts in drinking water on digestion, performance and water balance in heifers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 March 2017

J. N. ALVES ,
G. G. L. ARAÚJO ,
S. G. NETO ,
T. V. VOLTOLINI ,
R. D. SANTOS ,
P. R. ROSA ,
L. GUAN ,
T. McALLISTER  and
A. L. A. NEVES
J. N. ALVES
Affiliation:
Federal University of Paraiba (PDIZ- UFPB), Areia, Paraiba, Brazil
G. G. L. ARAÚJO
Affiliation:
Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
S. G. NETO
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraiba (DZO-UFPB), Areia, Paraiba, Brazil
T. V. VOLTOLINI
Affiliation:
Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
R. D. SANTOS
Affiliation:
Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
P. R. ROSA
Affiliation:
Federal University of São Francisco Valley (Vale), Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
L. GUAN
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
T. McALLISTER
Affiliation:
Lethbridge Research Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
A. L. A. NEVES*
Affiliation:
Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
*
*To whom all correspondence should be addressed: Email: andre.neves@embrapa.br
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Summary

In the near future, ruminants may be forced to consume low-quality water since potable drinking water will become increasingly scarce in some regions of the world. A completely randomized design trial was completed to evaluate the effect of increasing concentrations of total dissolved salts (TDS) (640, 3187, 5740 and 8326 mg TDS/l) in drinking water on the performance, diet digestibility, microbial protein synthesis, nitrogen (N) and water balance using 24 Red Sindhi heifers (200 ± 5 kg) that were fed Buffel (Cenchrus ciliaris) grass hay and concentrate in a ratio of 50 : 50. After a 15-day diet adaptation period, the digestion study was completed over a 5-day period and the performance trial was completed over a 56-day period. Dry matter intake, average daily gain, feed:gain, intake and digestibility of most feed components were unaffected by the concentration of salt in the water. However, intake and digestibility of neutral detergent fibre declined linearly as TDS inclusion rate increased. Further, the inclusion of TDS resulted in a linear increase in the intake of drinking water and total (food plus drinking) water intake. Similarly, TDS inclusion levels resulted in a linear increase in total water excretion, with urine being the major route of water excretion. In contrast, increasing concentrations of TDS caused a linear decrease in creatinine and allantoin excretions. Finally, increasing the inclusion rate of TDS resulted in a linear decrease in N retention and a linear increase in urinary N excretion, which may pose a considerable challenge for farmers with respect to the reduction and management of nutrient losses.

Type
Animal Research Papers
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 155 , Issue 5 , July 2017 , pp. 847 - 856
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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