Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-nr4z6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-21T08:02:55.324Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A field study of the number of main shoot leaves in wheat in relation to vernalization and photoperiod

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

E. J. M. Kirby
E. J. M. Kirby
Affiliation:
147 Shelford Road, Cambridge CB2 2ND, UK
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

The number of leaves formed on the main shoot of a wheat plant is an important developmental feature, and a method of predicting this is essential for computer simulation of development.

A model function was used to estimate vernalization from simulated sowing dates throughout a season. When expressed in terms of thermal time, it was estimated that a plant might be fully vernalized soon after seedling emergence or take up to about 1000 °Cd, depending on sowing date. When the simulated progress of vernalization was related to main shoot development (primordium initiation and leaf emergence) it was found that there were substantial differences between sowings in the rate of vernalization at comparable stages of apex development.

A number of field experiments done in Britain from 1980 to 1984 with prominent commercial varieties, sown at various times from September to March, were analysed in terms of the thermal time to full vernalization and the photoperiod at the time of full vernalization, with vernalization simulated by the model function. In both winter and spring varieties, both of these variables significantly affected the number of main shoot leaves. Multiple linear regression using these two variables accounted for between 70 and 90% of the variance in leaf number, depending on variety.

Type
Crops and Soils
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 118 , Issue 3 , June 1992 , pp. 271 - 278
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1992

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Carr-Smith, H. D., Johnson, C. B. & Thomas, B. (1989). Action spectrum for the effect of day-extensions on flowering and apex elongation. Planta 179, 428–432.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Evans, L. T. (1987). Short day induction of inflorescence initiation in some winter wheat varieties. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 14, 277–286.Google Scholar
Ford, M. A., Austin, R. B., Angus, W. J. & Sage, G. C. M. (1981). Relationships between the responses of spring wheat genotypes to temperature and photoperiodic treatments and their performance in the field. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 96, 623–634.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friend, D. J. C. (1965). Tillering and leaf production in wheat as affected by temperature and light intensity. Canadian Journal of Botany 43, 1063–1076.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Genstat 5 Committee (1988). Genstat 5 Reference Manual. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Hoogendoorn, J. (1985). The physiology of variation in time of ear emergence among wheat varieties from different regions of the world. Euphytica 34, 559–571.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keisling, T. C. (1982). Calculation of length of day. Agronomy Journal 74, 758–759.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kirby, E. J. M. (1988). Analysis of leaf, stem and ear growth in wheat from terminal spikelet stage to anthesis. Field Crops Research 18, 127–140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kirby, E. J. M. (1990). Co-ordination of leaf emergence and leaf and spikelet primordium initiation in wheat. Field Crops Research 25, 253–264.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kirby, E. J. M., Appleyard, M. & Fellowes, G. (1985). Effect of sowing date and variety on main shoot leaf emergence and number of leaves of barley and wheat. Agronomie 5, 117–126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klepper, B., Belford, R. K. & Rickman, R. W. (1984). Root and shoot development in winter wheat. Agronomy Journal 76, 117–122.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krekule, J. (1987). Vernalization in wheat. In Manipulation of Flowering (Ed. Atherton, J. G.), pp. 159–169. London: Butterworths.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levy, J. & Peterson, M. L. (1972). Responses of spring wheats to vernalization and photoperiod. Crop Science 12, 487–490.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Malvoisin, P. (1984). Organogenèse et croissance du maîtrebrin du blé tendre (Triticum aestivum) du semis à la floraison. II. Controle des relations entre la croissance et la vascularisation de la tige et des feuilles. Essai de modélisation. Agronomie 4, 587–596.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Masle-Meynard, J. (1982). Elaboration du nombre d'épis d'un peuplement de blé d'hiver en situation de compétition pour l'azote II. Modélisation du nombre d'épis. Agronomie 2, 17–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miglietta, F. (1989). Effect of photoperiod and temperature on leaf initiation rates in wheat (Triticum spp.). Field Crops Research 21, 121–130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
National Institute of Botany (1984). Recommended Varieties of Cereals. Cambridge: National Institute of Botany.Google Scholar
Porter, J. R., Kirby, E. J. M., Day, W., Adam, J. S., Appleyard, M., Ayling, S., Baker, C. K., Beale, P., Belford, R. K., Biscoe, P. V., Chapman, A., Fuller, M. P., Hampson, J., Hay, R. K. M., Hough, M. N., Matthews, S., Thompson, W. J., Weir, A. H., Willington, V. B. A. & Wood, D. W. (1987). An analysis of morphological and developmental stages in Avalon winter wheat crops with different sowing dates and at ten sites in England and Scotland. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 109, 107–121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Puckeridge, D. W. (1968). Competition for light and its effects on leaf and spikelet development of wheat plants. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 19, 191–201.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Puckeridge, D. W. & Donald, C. M. (1967). Competition among wheat plants sown at a wide range of densities. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 18, 193–211.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reinink, K., Jorritsma, I. & Darwinkel, K. (1986). Adaptation of the AFRC wheat phenology model for Dutch conditions. Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 34, 1–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stern, W. R. & Kirby, E. J. M. (1979). Primordium initiation at the shoot apex in four contrasting varieties of spring wheat in response to sowing date. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 93, 203–215.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trione, E. J. & Metzger, R. J. (1970). Wheat and barley vernalization in a precise temperature gradient. Crop Science 10, 390–392.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weir, A. H., Bragg, P. L., Porter, J. R. & Rayner, J. H. (1984). A winter wheat crop simulation model without water or nutrient limitations. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 102, 371–382.CrossRefGoogle Scholar