Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-nmvwc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-16T18:12:39.416Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Variation in the complete diet composition given during the winter period to an autumn-calving herd

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

O. Kroll ,
J. B. Owen  and
C. J. Whitaker
O. Kroll
Affiliation:
Department of Agriculture
J. B. Owen
Affiliation:
Department of Agriculture
C. J. Whitaker
Affiliation:
Statistics Advisory Unit, University College of North Wales, Bangor, LL51 2UW
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Autumn-calving cows on a complete diet system were given a similar amount of concentrates over two winter periods in the years 1980–1 and 1981–2. Two feed allocation systems were examined: step (different diets given at different stages of lactation) and uniform (one single diet given over all the winter period).

The yield of fat-corrected milk (FCM) was similar (P > 0·05) in both systems with 5·32 and 5·37 t/cow for the step and uniform system respectively in the 1st year and 4·75 and 4·35 t/cow in the 2nd year.

There is an indication that adult cows or cows with a higher potential for yield can respond to the higher energy concentration diet given in early lactation but with the main effect on milk, not in FCM yield.

No effect of diet distribution was found on overall weight gain but cows given the uniform system lost less weight in early lactation and this may lead to better conception for cows in such a system.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 106 , Issue 2 , April 1986 , pp. 297 - 306
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1986

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Akinyele, I. O. & Spahr, S. L. (1975). Stage of lactation as a criterion for switching cows from one complete feed to another during early lactation. Journal of Dairy Science 58, 917–921.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amir, S. & Kroll, O. (1979). The Israeli dairy farming system. In Feeding Strategy for the High Yielding Dairy Cow (ed. Broster, W. H. and Swan, H.), pp. 230–257. London: Granada.Google Scholar
Bath, D. L. (1976). Maximum profit rations: a look at the results of the California system. Journal of Dairy Science 58, 226–230.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bines, J. A. & Morant, S. V. (1983). The effect of body condition on metabolic changes associated with intake of food by the cow. British Journal of Nutrition 50, 81–89.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bodoh, G. W., Hooven, N. W., Pearson, R. E., Tyrrell, H. & Miller, R. H. (1978). Production response of cows fed three complete rations for two lactations. Journal of Dairy Science, Supplement 61, 123.Google Scholar
Broster, W. H. (1972). Effect on milk yield of cow of level of feeding during lactation. Dairy Science Abstracts 34, 265.Google Scholar
Broster, W. H. (1974). Response of the dairy cow to level of feeding. Bien Review. National Institute for Research in Dairying.Google Scholar
Broster, W. H., Broster, V. J., Clements, A. J. & Smith, J. (1981). The relationship between yield of milk solids of dairy cows and response to change in plane of nutrition. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 97, 643–647.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Broster, W. H., Sutton, J. D. & Bines, J. A. (1978). Concentrate: forage ratio for high-yielding dairy cows. In Recent Developments in Animal Nutrition (ed. Haresign, W. and Lewis, D.). London: Butterworths.Google Scholar
Cassel, E. K., Merrill, W. G., Bui, T. V., Millioan, R. A. & Guest, R. W. (1982). Evaluation of systems for feeding supplemental concentrates to group fed cows. Animal Science Mimeograph Service, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.Google Scholar
Clark, J. H. & Davis, C. L. (1980). Some aspect of feeding high producing dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 63, 873–885.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, P. W., Ricketts, R. E., Belyea, R. L. & Kravse, G. E. (1980). Feeding and managing dairy cows in three versus one production group. Journal of Dairy Science 63, 1299–1308.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coppock, C. E., Bath, D. L. & Harris, B. Jr (1981). From feeding to feeding system. Journal of Dairy Science 64, 1230–1249.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coppock, C. E., Norler, C. H. & Wolfe, S. A. (1974). Effect of forage–concentrate ratio in complete feeds fed ad-lib on energy intake in relation to requirements by dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 57, 1371–1380.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davenport, D. G. & Rakes, A. H. (1973). Response of dairy cows to two systems of distributing annual total digestible nutrients over the lactation cycle. Journal of Dairy Science 56, 465–472.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elizabeth, A. D., Phipps, R. H. & Bines, J. A. (1983). Chromic oxide and acid insoluble ash used as markers to estimate intake in dairy cattle fed a complete diet. Animal Production 36, 545.Google Scholar
Else, D. (1979). Complete diet feeding. Dairy Farmer 26 (02), 43–45.Google Scholar
Everson, R. A., Jorgenson, N. A., Crowley, J. W., Jensen, N. L. & Barrington, G. P. (1976). Input–output of dairy cows fed a complete ration of constant or variable forage to grain ratio. Journal of Dairy Science 59, 1776–1781.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garnsworthy, P. C. & Topps, J. H. (1982). The effect of body condition of dairy cows at calving on thoir food intake and performance when given complete diets. Animal Production 35, 113–119.Google Scholar
Gordon, F. J. (1979). The effect of protein content of supplement for dairy cows with access ad-libitum to high digestibility wilted grass silage. Animal Production 28, 183–189.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gordon, F. J. (1981). The effect of pattern of concentrate allocation to autumn calving dairy cows. Animal Production 32, 367 (76th Meeting of British Society of Animal Production).Google Scholar
Gordon, F. J. (1982). The effect of pattern of concentrate allocation on milk production from autumn calving heifers. Animal Production 34, 55–61.Google Scholar
Greenhalgh, J. F. D. & Reid, G. W. (1980). Complete diets for dairy cows: comparisons of feeding to appetite with rationing according to milk yield. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 94, 715–726.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grutzmacher, B. (1980). Group feeding according to yield. Dairy Science Abstracts 42, 225.Google Scholar
Harris, B. (1978). Nutritional considerations in grouping cows. In Large Dairy Herd Management. Gainsville, Florida.Google Scholar
Kanggeard, S. P. & Krohn, C. C. (1978). Beretning fra Statens. Husdyrbrugst Husdyrbrugsforsog 469.Google Scholar
Kesler, E. M. & Spahr, S. L. (1964). Symposium: Effect of various levels of grain feeding: physiological effects of high level concentrate feeding. Journal of Dairy Science 47, 1122–1128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kincaid, R. L. & Cornreth, J. D. (1982). Milk yield and metabolic measures of cows fed grain free choice during early lactation. Journal of Dairy Science 65, 740–745.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindgren, E. (1981). Prediction of energy value of mixed diets for lactating cows from digestibility experiments with sheep. Swedish Journal of Agricultural Research 11, 177–184.Google Scholar
Miller, W. J. (1979). Dairy Cattle Feeding and Nutrition. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (1975). Energy Allowances and Feeding Systems for Ruminants. Technical Bulletin, no. 33. London: H.M.S.O.Google Scholar
Moe, P. W. & Flatt, W. P. (1969). Use of body tissue reserves for milk production by the dairy cow. Journal of Dairy Science 52, 928–929.Google Scholar
Moseley, J. F., Coppock, C. F. & Lake, G. B. (1976). Abrupt changes in forage concentrate ratio of complete feeds fed ad-libitum to dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 59, 1471–1483.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
National Research Council (1978). Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. Washington, D.C.Google Scholar
Ostergaard, V. (1979). Strategies for concentrate feeding to attain optimum feeding levels in high yielding dairy cows. 482 Beretning fra stalens Husdyrbrugs. Kobenhaven V.Google Scholar
Owen, J. B. (1978). Complete diet feeding of dairy cow. In Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition (ed. Haresign, W. and Lewis, D.). London: Butterworth.Google Scholar
Owen, J. B. (1979). Complete Diets for Cattle and Sheep. Ipswich: Farming Press.Google Scholar
Owen, J. B. (1983). Cattle Feeding. Ipswich: Farming Press.Google Scholar
Phipps, R. H., Bines, J. A. & Cooper, A. (1983). A preliminary study to compare individual feeding through Calan electronic feeding gates to group feeding. Animal Production 36, 544.Google Scholar
Powers, D. L. (1979). Effect of dietary protein level and of zero concentrate in late-lactation on performance of Holstein cows. Ph.D. thesis, The Pennsylvania State University.Google Scholar
Smith, N. E., Ufford, G. R., Coppock, C. E. & Merrill, W. G. (1978). One group versus two group system for lactation cows fed complete rations. Journal of Dairy Science 61, 1138–1145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spahr, S. L. (1977). Optimum rations for group feeding. Journal of Dairy Science 60, 1337–1344.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steen, R. W. J. & Gordon, F. J. (1980). The effect of level and system of concentrate allocation to January–February calving cows on total lactation performance. Animal Production 30, 39–51.Google Scholar
Strickland, M. J. & Broster, W. H. (1981). The effect of different levels of nutrition at two stages of the lactation on milk production and live-weight change in Friesian cows and heifers. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 96, 677–690.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomas, P. C. (1980). Energy utilization. In Feeding Strategies for Dairy Cows (ed. Broster, W. H., Johnson, C. L. and Tayler, J. C.), pp. 6.1–6.11. London: Agricultural Research Council.Google Scholar
Tilley, J. M. A. & Terry, R. A. (1963). A two stage technique for the in-vitro digestion of forage crops. Journal of British Grassland Society 18, 104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Soest, P. I. (1982). Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminant. Oregon, United States of America: O. & B. Books.Google Scholar
Wiktorsson, H. (1971). Digestibility experiments with dairy cows consuming different quantities of concentrate. Journal of Dairy Science 54, 374–378.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wiktorsson, H. (1980). Potential of cow. In Feeding Strategies for Dairy Cows (ed. Broster, W. H., Johnson, C. L. and Tayler, J. C.), pp. 4.1–4.12. London: Agricultural Research Council.Google Scholar
Wood, P. D. P., King, J. O. L. & Youdan, P. G. (1980). Relationships between size, live-weight change and milk production characters in early lactation in dairy cattle. Animal Production 31, 143–151.Google Scholar