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Effect of CSN1S1 genotype and its interaction with diet energy level on milk production and quality in Girgentana goats fed ad libitum

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 April 2010

Renato Italo Pagano ,
Pietro Pennisi ,
Bernardo Valenti ,
Massimiliano Lanza ,
Adriana Di Trana ,
Paola Di Gregorio ,
Anna De Angelis  and
Marcella Avondo
Renato Italo Pagano
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Agronomiche, Agrochimiche e delle Produzioni Animali (DACPA), University of Catania, Via Valdisavoia 595123Catania, Italy
Pietro Pennisi
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Agronomiche, Agrochimiche e delle Produzioni Animali (DACPA), University of Catania, Via Valdisavoia 595123Catania, Italy
Bernardo Valenti
Affiliation:
Doctoral School in Animal Production Science, University of Catania, Via Valdisavoia 595123Catania, Italy
Massimiliano Lanza
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Agronomiche, Agrochimiche e delle Produzioni Animali (DACPA), University of Catania, Via Valdisavoia 595123Catania, Italy
Adriana Di Trana
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Animali, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100Potenza, Italy
Paola Di Gregorio
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Animali, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100Potenza, Italy
Anna De Angelis
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Agronomiche, Agrochimiche e delle Produzioni Animali (DACPA), University of Catania, Via Valdisavoia 595123Catania, Italy
Marcella Avondo*
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Agronomiche, Agrochimiche e delle Produzioni Animali (DACPA), University of Catania, Via Valdisavoia 595123Catania, Italy
*
*For correspondence; e-mail: mavondo@unict.it
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Abstract

A study was carried out to evaluate how the energy level of the diet can affect milk production and quality in Girgentana lactating goats in relation to polymorphism at the αs1-casein (CSN1S1) genotype locus. Twenty-seven goats, homogeneous for milk production (1·5±0·3 kg/d), days of lactation (90±10 d) and body weight (35·8±5·5 kg) were selected on the basis of their CSN1S1 genotype, as follows: nine goats homozygous for strong (AA) alleles, nine goats homozygous for weak alleles (FF) and nine goats heterozygous (AF). The goats were used in a 3×3 factorial arrangement of treatments, with three genotypes (AA, FF, AF) and three diets at different energy levels (100%, 65% and 30% of hay inclusion). The experiment consisted of three simultaneous 3×3 Latin squares for the three genotypes, with one square for each level of hay inclusion in the diet. All the animals were housed in individual pens. Each experimental period lasted 23 d and consisted of 15 d for adaptation and 8 d for data and sample collection, during which the goats received the scheduled diet ad libitum. The animals were fed three different diets designed to have the same crude protein content (about 15%) but different energy levels: a pelleted alfalfa hay (H100) and two feeds including 65% (H65) and 30% (H30) of alfalfa hay (respectively 1099, 1386 and 1590 kcal NE for lactation/kg DM). All the diets were ground and pelleted (6 mm diameter). AA goats were more productive than AF and FF goats (respectively: 1419 v. 1145 and 1014 g/d; P=0·002). Indeed the interaction energy level×genotype was significant (P=0·018): in fact AA goats showed their milk increase only when fed with concentrates. Differences in protein and in casein levels between the three genotypes were in line with results expected from the different allele contribution to αs1-casein synthesis. Milk urea levels were significantly lower in AA goats compared with AF and FF genotypes (respectively 32·7 v. 40·4 and 40·4 mg/dl; P=0·049) and significantly lower when goats were fed with 65H and 30H diets than with 100H diet (respectively 37·4 and 34·3 v. 41·7 mg/dl; P<0·001). Indeed, a significant interaction genotype×diet (P=0·043) occurred for milk urea, which was significantly lower in AA goats but only when fed with concentrates (65H and 30H). Blood concentrations of energy indicators (glucose, non-esterified fatty acids and beta-hydroxybutyric acid) were not influenced by genotype. The results confirm that strong alleles are associated with a greater efficiency of feed utilization and seem to show that a high energy level of the diet can further improve this efficiency.

Keywords

Lactating goatsαs1-casein genotypediet energy levelgenotype×diet interaction

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 77 , Issue 2 , May 2010 , pp. 245 - 251
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 2010

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