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A new model for fetal programming: maternal Ramadan-type fasting programs nephrogenesis

Part of: Liggins Institute, New Zealand and the Japanese DOHaD Society

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 January 2018

M. Mohany ,
N. Ashton ,
A. H. Harrath ,
J. R. Nyengaard ,
S. Y. Alomar  and
S. Alwasel
M. Mohany
Affiliation:
Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
N. Ashton
Affiliation:
Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
A. H. Harrath
Affiliation:
Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
J. R. Nyengaard
Affiliation:
Stereology and Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Centre for Stochastic Geometry and Advanced Bioimaging, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
S. Y. Alomar
Affiliation:
Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
S. Alwasel*
Affiliation:
Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
*
Address for correspondence: S. Alwasel, Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail: salwasel@ksu.edu.sa
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Abstract

The effect of maternal Ramadan-type fasting (RTF) on the outcome of pregnancy, kidney development and nephron number in male rat offspring was investigated in current study. Pregnant rats were given food and water ad libitum during pregnancy (control) or restricted for 16 h per day (RTF). Kidney structure was examined during fetal life, at birth, and in early and late adulthood. Maternal body weight, food intake, relative food intake and plasma glucose levels were significantly lower (P<0.001) in the RTF group. Litter and pup weights also were significantly lower (P<0.05) in the RTF group at birth, with no difference in the litter size. The RTF group had a longer gestation, delayed nephrogenesis with less well-differentiated glomeruli, more connective tissue, fewer medullary rays, an increase in the nephrogenic zone/cortical zone ratio, and significant increase (P<0.001) in kidney apoptosis at birth. On the other hand, maternal fasting reduced nephron number (by ~31%) with unchanged kidney and total glomerular volumes. Mean glomerular volume was significantly higher in RTF offspring. Assessment of renal structure revealed mild glomerulosclerosis with enlarged lobulated glomeruli in the renal cortex and high interstitial fibrosis in the medulla of RTF kidneys. Taken together, gestational fasting delays nephrogenesis and reduces nephron number in the kidneys of the offspring, that could be partially owing to increased apoptosis.

Keywords

apoptosisfastingnephrogenesispregnancy
Type
Original Article
Information
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease , Volume 9 , Issue 3: Themed Issue: NZ-Japan , June 2018 , pp. 287 - 298
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Copyright
© Cambridge University Press and the International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 2018 

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