Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-hfldf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-20T04:33:09.364Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Trial of an Inquisitor: the dismissal of Diego Rodríguez Lucero, inquisitor of Córdoba, in 1508

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 March 2011

John Edwards
Affiliation:
School of History, University of Birmingham, P.O. Box 363, Birmingham, B15 2TT

Extract

Between 1 June and 1 August 1508, the newly refounded tribunal, known to history as the Spanish Inquisition, was subjected tojudicial investigation by a ‘General Congregation’ at Burgos, in Old Castile. The process resulted from the activities of Diego Rodriguez Lucero. As inquisitor of Córdoba, he was accused of making false charges of ‘judaising’ against conversos, or converts from Judaism and/or their descendants, and ‘Old Christians’ alike. During the Congregation's examination of his work, many of the tensions and difficulties which had arisen in Spanish society as a result of the Inquisition's work were exposed. To date, the only detailed consideration in English of Lucero's rise and fall - published in 1897-has been that of the great liberal Protestant historian of the Inquisition, H. C. Lea. As ever, his work was solidly based on the best early printed sources, but also on documents from the Castilian national archives at Simancas and the cathedral archives in Cordoba itself, as well as other places. In recent years, however, many more documents have come to light, which make possible a more profound and thorough investigation of the Lucero affair. Progress towards increased knowledge has not, however, been uninterrupted. Many of the manuscript sources in the Cordoba Cathedral archives to which Lea refers are no longer traceable, having, in some cases, been torn from their bindings; others have simply vanished. Such, it appears, is the degree of passion which the name of Lucero still inspires.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1986

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 Lea, Henry C., ‘Lucero the Inquisitor’, AHR ii (1896-1897), 611–26.Google Scholar

2 Tarsicio de Azcona, ‘La Inquisicion espanola procesada por la Congregatión General de 1508’, in La Inquisición espanola. Nueva visión, nuevos horizontes, ed. Joaquin Pérez Villanueva, Madrid 1980, 89-163; Boix, Rafael Gracia, Coleccion de documentos para la historia de la Inquisicidn de Cdrdoba, Cordoba 1982.Google Scholar

3 , Lea, ‘Lucero’, 611.Google Scholar

4 Pullan, Brian, The Jews of Europe and the Inquisition of Venice, 1550-1670, Oxford 1983, 203.Google Scholar

5 Baroja, Julio Caro, Inquisicidn brujería γ criptojudaismo, Barcelona 1970Google Scholar ; and Los judios en la Esparnn moderna γ conlempordnea, 2nd edn, 3 vols, Madrid 1978Google Scholar ; Cárcel, Ricardo García, Otigenes de la Inquisición espanola. El tribunal de Valencia, 1478-1530, Barcelona 1976Google Scholar ; and Herejia γ sociedad en el siglo XVI. La Inquisicidn en Valencia, 1530-1609, Barcelona 1980Google Scholar ; Contreras, Jaime, El Santo Oficio de la Inquisición en Galicia, 1500-1700: poder, sociedad, cultura, Madrid 1982Google Scholar ; Henningsen, Gustav,‘El “banco de datos” del Santo Oficio: las relaciones de causas de la Inquisición espanola’, Bolctin de la Real Academia de la Historia clxxiv (1977), 547–70Google Scholar ; and The Witches' Advocate. Basque witchcraft and the Spanish Inquisitión (1609-1614), Remo 1980Google Scholar ; Bennassar, Bartolomé (and pupils), L'Inquisition espagnole, XVe-XIXe siècle, Paris 1979Google Scholar.

6 Haim Beinart,‘The records of the Inquisition. A source ofjewish and converso history’, Proceedings of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities ii (1967), 211-27 at p. 215.

7 Jean-Pierre Dedieu, ‘Les archives de l'lnquisition, source pour une étude anthropologique des Vieux-Chretiens. Un exemple et quelques reflexions’, in La Inquisicidn espaHola. Nueva vision, 906-7; the controversy between Révah and Saraiva is thoroughly surveyed by Revah's pupil, Nahon, Gerard, ‘Les Sephardim, les marranes, les Inquisitions peninsulaires et leurs archives dans les travaux recents de I.S. Revah’, Revue des Etudes Juives cxxxii (1973), 548Google Scholar , esp. pp. 33-5; Saraiva, A. J., Inquisicao e cristHos-novos, 2nd edn, Oporto 1969Google Scholar.

8 Rivkin, Ellis, ‘The utilisation of non-Jewish sources for the reconstruction of jewish history’, Jewish Quarterly Review xlviii (1957-1958), 193.Google Scholar

9 Burke, Peter, Popular Culture in Early Modem Europe, London 1978, 74–5.Google Scholar

10 , Pullan, Jews of Europe, 117.Google Scholar

11 Boix, Gracia, Colección, 23–6Google Scholar (cédula dated Medina del Campo, 27 Sept.).

12 Documents in Fritz (Yitzhak) Baer, Die Juden im christlichen Spanien 1. ii, Kastilien/Inquisitionsaklen, Berlin 1929-1936 (repr. Farnborough 1970), 528–31Google Scholar , 533-6; Edwards, John, ‘Elijah and the Inquisition: messianic prophecy among Jewish Christians in Spain, c. 1500’, MMS xxviii (1984), 7994Google Scholar.

13 Boix, Gracia, Colección, 84–5.Google Scholar

14 , Azcona, ‘Inquisitión espanola’, 144.Google Scholar

15 , Lea, ‘Lucero’, 611.Google Scholar

16 Ibid. 611-1211.

17 Ibid. 612.

18 , Azcona, ‘Inquisitión espanola’, 144.Google Scholar

19 , Lea, ‘Lucero’, 613.Google Scholar

20 AMC, Actas, 27 Apr. 1502.

21 Boix, Gracia, Colección, 3179.Google Scholar

22 , Azcona, ‘Inquisitión espanola’, 144–5.Google Scholar

23 , Lea, ‘Lucero’, 612–13Google Scholar ; AMG, Actas, 3 Apr., 30 Aug. 1503.

24 , Azcona, ‘Inquisitión espanola’, 145.Google Scholar

25 Boix, Gracia, Coleccidn, 3179.Google Scholar

26 AMC, Actas, 21 Dec. 1504; , Azcona, ‘Inquisitión espanola’, 145Google Scholar ; Boix, Gracia, Coleccidn, 86Google Scholar.

27 , Azcona ‘Inquisitión espanola’, 145Google Scholar ; Boix, Gracia, Colección, 116–19Google Scholar.

28 , Lea, ‘Lucero’, 615–16Google Scholar ; Boix, Gracia, Colección, 96107Google Scholar.

29 AMC, Actas, 15 Oct., 9 Nov., 18 Nov., 6 Dec. 1506; Boix, Gracia, Colección, 97–8Google Scholar , 105-6.

30 , Azcona, ‘Inquisitión espanola’, 111–14.Google Scholar

31 Ibid. 147-50.

32 See, for example, , Beinart, Records of the Trials of the Spanish Inquisition in Ciudad Real, 1484-1527, 3 vols, Jerusalem 1974-1980.Google Scholar

33 Boix, Gracia, Colección, 3179, 107-34.Google Scholar

34 Ibid. 31-5. See also , Edwards, ‘Elijah and the Inquisition’, 80–3.Google Scholar

35 Boix, Gracia, Colección, 35–7.Google Scholar

36 AMC, Actas, 19 Feb. 1501, 14 Sept. 1502, 6 Oct. 1503, 17 June, 22 June 1506.

37 Boix, Gracia, Colección, 3847.Google Scholar

38 Ibid. 48-74.

39 Ibid. 74-6.

40 See, for example, Jacques Paul, ‘Expression et perception du temps d'apres l'enquête sur les miracles de Louis d'Anjou’, and Yves Grava, ‘La memoire, une base de l'organisation politique des communautes provencjales au XIVe siecle’, in Temps, mémoire, tradition au Mqyen Age. Actes du XIIIe congrès de la Socie'té des Historiens Médievistes de I'Enseignement Superieur Public (Aix-en-Provcncc, 1982), Marseilles 1983, 21-41, 69-94.

41 Boix, Gracia, Colección, 76–9.Google Scholar

42 , Azcona, ‘Inquisición espanola’, p145Google Scholar.

43 , Lea, ‘Lucero’, 615–16.Google Scholar

44 Copy in Biblioteca Municipal de Jerez, MS 81, Juan Román, Libra de istorias de los libros de acuerdos…en esta ilustre çibdad de diez anos… (1500-1509), ano 1507.

45 , Azcona, ‘Inquisitión espanola’, 145.Google Scholar

46 Román, Libro, loc. cit.

47 Valledor, Armando Cotareloy, Fray Diego de Deza. Ensayo biogrdfico, Madrid 1902.Google Scholar

48 AMC, Actas, 15 Oct. 1506.

49 AMC, Actas, 9 Nov., 18 Nov., 6 Dec. 1506.

50 Boix, Gracia, Coleccón, 96107Google Scholar ; , Román, Libra, 1506, fol. 3Google Scholar.

51 Boix, Gracia, Colección, 105–6Google Scholar ; , Román, Libra, 1507Google Scholar.

52 Boix, Gracia, Colección, 91106.Google Scholar

53 Ibid. 91-2; , Román, Libra, 1507.Google Scholar

54 Boix, Gracia, Colección, 93–5Google Scholar ; , Azcona, ‘Inquisición espanola’, 146, 124–9Google Scholar.

55 Ibid. 99-101, 123-9.

56 ‘Notas de Pedro de Torres, colegial de San Bartolomé’, in Heredia, V. Beltran de (ed.), Cartulario de la Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca 1971, iii. 90.Google Scholar

57 , Azcona, ‘Inquisición espanola’, 116–18Google Scholar ; AMC, Actas, 6 Oct. 1507; , Lea, ‘Lucero’, 613, 625Google Scholar.

58 Boix, Gracia, Colección, 107–34.Google Scholar

59 AMC, Actas, 1 Feb. 1514.

60 Redondo, Augustin, ‘Le discours d'exclusion des “déviants” par l'Inquisition à l'époque de Charles Quint’, in Les problémes de l'exclusion en Espagne (XVIe-XVIIe siècles). Idéologic et discours (Collogue international, Sorbonne, 13, 14 et 15 mai 1982), ed. , Redondo, Paris 1983. 31 and note.Google Scholar

61 Sicroff, Albert A., Lcs contravenes des statuts de ‘pureti de sang’ en Espagne du XVe au XVIIe siècle, Paris 1960, 9.Google Scholar

62 Boix, Gracia, Colección, 97, 99101.Google Scholar

63 For a fuller discussion of these points see , Edwards, Christian Cordoba. The city and its region in the late Middle Ages, Cambridge 1982, 153–63, 181-8.Google Scholar

64 Christian, William A. Jr, Apparitions in Late Medieval and Renaissance Spain, Princeton 1981.Google Scholar