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Interactive programming in Agda – Objects and graphical user interfaces

Part of: JFP Research Articles

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 February 2017

ANDREAS ABEL ,
STEPHAN ADELSBERGER  and
ANTON SETZER
ANDREAS ABEL
Affiliation:
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Gothenburg University, Sweden (e-mail: andreas.abel@gu.se)
STEPHAN ADELSBERGER
Affiliation:
Department of Information Systems and Operations, Vienna University of Economics, Austria (e-mail: sadelsbe@wu.ac.at)
ANTON SETZER
Affiliation:
Department of Computer Science, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK (e-mail: a.g.setzer@swan.ac.uk)
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Abstract

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We develop a methodology for writing interactive and object-based programs (in the sense of Wegner) in dependently typed functional programming languages. The methodology is implemented in the ooAgda library. ooAgda provides a syntax similar to the one used in object-oriented programming languages, thanks to Agda's copattern matching facility. The library allows for the development of graphical user interfaces (GUIs), including the use of action listeners.

Our notion of interactive programs is based on the IO monad defined by Hancock and Setzer, which is a coinductive data type. We use a sized coinductive type which allows us to write corecursive programs in a modular way. Objects are server-side interactive programs that respond to method calls by giving answers and changing their state. We introduce two kinds of objects: simple objects and IO objects. Methods in simple objects are pure, while method calls in IO objects allow for interactions before returning their result. Our approach also allows us to extend interfaces and objects by additional methods.

We refine our approach to state-dependent interactive programs and objects through which we can avoid exceptions. For example, with a state-dependent stack object, we can statically disable the pop method for empty stacks. As an example, we develop the implementation of recursive functions using a safe stack. Using a coinductive notion of object bisimilarity, we verify basic correctness properties of stack objects and show the equivalence of different stack implementations. Finally, we give a proof of concept that our interaction model allows to write GUI programs in a natural way: we present a simple drawing program, and a program which allows the users to move a small spaceship using a button.

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Articles
Information
Journal of Functional Programming , Volume 27 , 2017 , e8
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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