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Biochanin A in murine Schistosoma mansoni infection: effects on inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 February 2023

A.A. Elhenawy Open the ORCID record for A.A. Elhenawy [Opens in a new window] ,
M.S. Elmehankar ,
N. Nabih ,
M.A. Elzoheiry ,
H. Hany ,
R. El-Gamal  and
W.A. Aboukamar Open the ORCID record for W.A. Aboukamar [Opens in a new window]
A.A. Elhenawy*
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, 2 El Gomhouria Street, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
M.S. Elmehankar
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, 2 El Gomhouria Street, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
N. Nabih
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, 2 El Gomhouria Street, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
M.A. Elzoheiry
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, 2 El Gomhouria Street, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
H. Hany
Affiliation:
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
R. El-Gamal
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
W.A. Aboukamar
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, 2 El Gomhouria Street, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
*
Author for correspondence: A. A. Elhenawy, E-mail: abirelhenawy@mans.edu.eg
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Abstract

Biochanin A (BCA) is a multifunctional natural compound that possesses anti-infective, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and hepatoprotective effects. The aim of the study was to assess the therapeutic efficacy of BCA on Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice. Fifty mice were divided into six different groups as non-infected, non-infected BCA-treated, infected untreated, early infected BCA-treated (seven days post-infection (dpi)), late infected BCA-treated 60 dpi and infected praziquantel (PZQ)-treated groups. Parasitological, histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX-2) were investigated in liver sections. Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) gene expression of S. mansoni was evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). A single dose of BCA significantly reduced worm burden in early (82.14%) and late infection (77.74%), mean tissue egg load in early (7.27 ± 0.495) and late BCA administration (7.63 ± 0.435) and decreased granuloma size. CYP450 mRNA expression was significantly reduced in early BCA treatment as compared to late treatment which emphasizes that early administration of BCA had more pronounced effects on worms than late administration. Both early and late BCA administration led to significant reduction in inflammatory cytokines as TGF and iNOS. Although the reduction of TGF and iNOS in BCA-treated mice was superior to PZQ, no statistically significant differences were noted. However, a significant downregulation of COX2 was noted in hepatocytes as compared to both infected control and PZQ-treated mice. BCA has schistosomicidal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-fibrotic effects and could be regarded as a potential drug in schistosomiasis treatment.

Keywords

Schistosomabiochanin Atransforming growth factorcyclooxygenaseinducible nitric oxide synthasecytochrome P450
Type
Research Paper
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 97 , 2023 , e16
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

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