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Bulk tank milk ELISA to detect IgG1 prevalence and clustering to determine spatial distribution and risk factors of Fasciola hepatica-infected herds in Mexico

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 September 2018

A. Villa-Mancera Open the ORCID record for A. Villa-Mancera [Opens in a new window]  and
A. Reynoso-Palomar Open the ORCID record for A. Reynoso-Palomar [Opens in a new window]
A. Villa-Mancera*
Affiliation:
Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 4 Sur 304 Col. Centro, CP 75482, Tecamachalco Puebla, México
A. Reynoso-Palomar
Affiliation:
Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 4 Sur 304 Col. Centro, CP 75482, Tecamachalco Puebla, México
*
Author for correspondence: A. Villa-Mancera, E-mail: abel.villa@gmail.com
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Abstract

Fasciola hepatica is a helminth parasite that causes huge economic losses to the livestock industry worldwide. Fasciolosis is an emerging foodborne zoonotic disease that affects both humans and grazing animals. This study investigated the associations between climatic/environmental factors (derived from satellite data) and management factors affecting the spatial distribution of this liver fluke in cattle herds across different climate zones in three Mexican states. A bulk-tank milk (BTM) IgG1 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test was used to detect F. hepatica infection levels of 717 cattle herds between January and April 2015. Management data were collected from the farms by questionnaire. The parasite's overall herd prevalence and mean optical density ratio (ODR) were 62.76% and 0.67, respectively. The presence of clustered F. hepatica infections was studied using the spatial scan statistic. Three marked clusters in the spatial distribution of the parasite were observed. Logistic regression was used to test three models of potential statistical association from the ELISA results using climatic, environmental and management variables. The final model based on climatic/environmental and management variables included the following factors: rainfall, elevation, proportion of grazed grass in the diet, contact with other herds, herd size, parasite control use and education level as significant predictors. Geostatistical kriging was applied to generate a risk map for the presence of parasites in dairy herds in Mexico. In conclusion, the spatial distribution of F. hepatica in Mexican cattle herds is influenced by multifactorial effects and should be considered in developing regionally adapted control measures.

Keywords

bulk tank milkcowsFasciola hepaticageographical information systemGISmilk IgG1 ELISAprevalencerisk analysisrisk map
Type
Research Paper
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 93 , Issue 6 , November 2019 , pp. 704 - 710
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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