Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-9pm4c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-29T20:38:41.832Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Does fun work? The complexity of promoting fun at work

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 February 2015

Kathryn Owler
Affiliation:
Management Department, Faculty of Business, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand
Rachel Morrison
Affiliation:
Management Department, Faculty of Business, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand
Barbara Plester
Affiliation:
Department of Management & International Business, Business School, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand

Abstract

For some years now there has been growing enthusiasm amongst practitioners, managers and some academics about the value of promoting fun at work, resulting in a substantial body of managerial literature. As a result, the authors believe that fun at work deserves further research attention. In this paper the authors critically review the large body of practitioner and management literature promoting fun at work. We find this literature dependent on a number of untheorised, untested assumptions about the nature of fun, its desirability and usefulness to business. Utilising Schein’s organisational theory, alongside ethnographic research into fun at work, we highlight the complexity of implementing fun at work initiatives in practice. Drawing on organizational psychology we also make a short case study of the current use of fun at work as a job marketing tool by recruitment agencies in New Zealand. Our discussion does make it possible to come to some conclusions about fun at work. However, we also pose a series of research questions that emerge from our discussion that will provide a framework for ongoing research.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press and Australian and New Zealand Academy of Management 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abrahamson, E. (1991) Managerial fads and fashions – The diffusion and rejection of innovations, Academy of Management Review, 16: 586612.Google Scholar
Abramis, ST (1999) Play in work: childish hedonism or adult enthusiasm?, The American, 33(3): 353373.Google Scholar
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (2008) 4th edn. New York: Bartleby.Google Scholar
Barsoux, J (1993) Funny business: Humor management and business culture. London: Cassell.Google Scholar
Bauman, Z (1998) Work, Consumerism and the new poor. Milton Keynes: Open University Press.Google Scholar
Blumfled, E (1994) Humor at work: The guaranteed bottom-line, low cost, hight efficiency guide to success through humor. Atlanta GA: Peachtree.Google Scholar
Blythe, M and Hassenzahl, M (2003) The semantics of fun: differentiating enjoyable experiences. In Blythe, M, Monk, A, Overbeeke, K & Wright, P (Eds.), Funology: From usabilty to enjoyment Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic.Google Scholar
Bogdan, C, Normal, C and Holm, J (2005) Dionysus at work? The ethos of play and the ethos of management, Culture and Organization, 11(2): 139151.Google Scholar
Bohme, G (2003) Contribution to the critique of the aesthetic economy, Thesis Eleven, 73(1): 7182.Google Scholar
Bolman, I and Deal, T (2000) Escape from cluelessness. New York: Amacom.Google Scholar
Brenner, P (2001) If life is a game, how come I'm not having fun?: A guide to life's challenges. New York: SUNY Press.Google Scholar
Bretz, E (2002) When work is fun and games, IEEE Spectrum, 39(12): 50.Google Scholar
Brotherton, P (1996) Managing to have fun: How fun at work can motivate your employees, inspire your coworkers and boost your bottom line, HR Magazine, 41(7): 118120.Google Scholar
Caudron, S (1992) Humor is healthy in the workplace, Personnel Journal, 71(960): 6367.Google Scholar
Collinson, D (2002) Managing humour, Human Relations, 39(2): 269288.Google Scholar
Conte, Y (1998) Serious laughter: Live a happier, healthier, more productive life. Rochester: Amsterdam-Berwick.Google Scholar
Costea, B, Crump, N and Holm, J (2005) Dionysus at work? The ethos of play and the ethos of management, Culture and Organization, 11(2): 139151.Google Scholar
Costello, S (2001) Residential gateways blend work, fun, Network World, 18(3): 21.Google Scholar
Csikszentmihalyi, M (1996) Creativity: Flow and the psychology of discovery and invention. New York: Harper Collins.Google Scholar
Csikszentmihalyi, M (2002) Flow: The classic work on how to achieve happiness, (2nd edn). London: Rider.Google Scholar
Cullinane, N and Dundon, T (2006) The psychological contract: A critical review, International Journal of Management Reviews 8(2): 113129.Google Scholar
Deal, T and Kennedy, A (1982) Corporate cultures: The rites and rituals of corporate life. Reading MA: Addison-Wesley.Google Scholar
Deal, T and Kennedy, A (1999) The new corporate cultures. London: Orion Business.Google Scholar
DeCotiss, T, Sullivan, C, Hyatt, D and Avery, P (2004) How an outback steakhouse created a great place to work, have fun, and make money, Journal of Organizaitonal Excellence, 23(4): 2333.Google Scholar
Dolliver, M (2002) Why think of retiring when work is so much fun?, Adweek (Eastern Edition), 43(39): 32.Google Scholar
Fatt JPT (2002) When business can be fun, Management Research News, 25(1): 3948.Google Scholar
Filipczak, B and Ganzel, R (1998) Fun at work gets out of hand, Training (Minneapolis), 35(6): 18.Google Scholar
Fineman, S (2006) On being positive: Concerns and counterpoints, Academy of Management Review, 32(2): 270291.Google Scholar
Fleming, P (2005) Worker's playtime?: Boundaries of cynicism in a ‘culture of fun’ program, The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 4(3): 285303.Google Scholar
Fleming, P and Spicer, A (2004) ‘You can checkout anytime, but you can never leave’: Spatial boundaries in a high commmitment organization, Human Relations, 57(1): 7594.Google Scholar
Ford, R, McLaughlin, F and Newstrom, J (2003) Questions and answers about fun at work, Human Resource Planning, 26(4): 1833.Google Scholar
Ford, R, Newstrom, J and McLaughlin, F (2004) Making workplace fun more functional, Industrial and Commercial Training, 36(2/3): 117120.Google Scholar
Fraser, N (1992) Rethinking the public sphere: A contribution to the critique of actually existing Democracy. In Calhoun, C (Ed.), Habermas and The Public Sphere (pp. 109142). Cambridge MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Gagne, C (2006) Make work fun, Canadian Business (Toronto), 79(9): 9092.Google Scholar
Gonzalez, G (2007) RIMS leader plans to mix serious work with some fun, Business Insurance, 41(35): 6.Google Scholar
Gouldson, G (2000) Does humor belong at work?, Canadian Electronics, 15(3): 6.Google Scholar
Gunn, B (2002) Laughing matters, Strategic Finance, 84(4): 1112.Google Scholar
Haasen, A and Shea, G (2003) New corporate cultures that motivate. Westport CT: Praeger.Google Scholar
Hatch, M (1993) The dynamics of organizational culture, The Academy of Management Review, 18(4): 657693.Google Scholar
Johnson, K (2002) Its fun to work with an F-M-E-A, Quality Progress, 35(1): 152.Google Scholar
Kanter, R (1989) When giants learn to dance. New York: Simon & Schuster.Google Scholar
Karl, K, Peluchette, J and Harland, L (2007) Is fun for everyone? Personality differences in healthcare providers' attitudes toward fun, Journal of Health & Human Services Administration, 29(4): 409447.Google Scholar
Kavanaugh, J and Gilcrease, K (2006) Can work really be this much fun?, Journal of the International Academy for Case Studies, 12(6): 512.Google Scholar
Krebsbach, K (2006) All play and some work lets WaMu choose fun, US Banker (New York), 116(7): 26.Google Scholar
Laff, M and Alexandria, T (2006) Effective team building: more than just fun at work, American Society of Training and Development, 60(8): 2425.Google Scholar
Lebrun, S (1997) Fun on the job: notions of fun vary, but experts say there are gains to be made from laughter at work, Canadian HR Reporter, 10(8): 15.Google Scholar
Line, M (1990) Why isn't work fun?, Library Management (Bradford), 11(5): 15.Google Scholar
MacDonald, W (2004) Does ‘good work’ spoil the fun?, Marketing, 109(34): 33.Google Scholar
Macky, K, Gardner, D and Forsyth, S (2008) Guest editorial: Generational differences at work: introductions and overview, Journal of Managerial Psychology, 23(8): 867–861.Google Scholar
Maitland, A (2007) It may sound quirky, but it works: Putting flexibility and fun on to the agenda helps employees feel valued, Financial Times p. 2.Google Scholar
Marcus, A (2007) Fun! Fun! Fun! In the user experience we just wanna have fun…don't we?, Interactions, 14(4): 4849.Google Scholar
Markels, A (1995) Making sure work is ‘fun’, Wall Street Journal, p. A1.Google Scholar
Matthes, K (1993) Lighten up! Humor has its place at work, HR Focus, 70(2): 3.Google Scholar
Mcdowell, T (2005) Fun at work: Scale development, confirmatory factor analysis, and links to organizational outcomes, Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, 65(12B): 6697.Google Scholar
Meadow, S (2002) Will work for fun, Newsweek, 140(8): 13.Google Scholar
Meyer, H (1999) Fun for everyone, Journal of Business Strategy, 21(2): 13.Google Scholar
Miller, S, Taylor, R and Causon, J (2007) Firing off … how much fun is acceptable at work?, Personnel Today (10 9): 28.Google Scholar
Newman, P (1996) A philosopher's dream of making work fun, Maclean's, 109(41): 56.Google Scholar
Oswald, A (2001a) It's work and it's fun: Part 1, Accountancy, 127(1290): 76.Google Scholar
Oswald, A (2001b) It's work and it's fun: Part 2, Accountancy, 127(1291): 71.Google Scholar
Pascale, R and Athos, A (1981) The art of Japanese management: Applications for American executives. New York: Penguin.Google Scholar
Peters, T (1992) Liberation management: Necessary disorganization for the nanosecond Nineties. London: Pan.Google Scholar
Peters, T (1999) Make work fun, Executive Excellence, 16(2): 9.Google Scholar
Peters, T and Austrin, N (1986) A passion for excellence: The leadership difference. London: Fontana.Google Scholar
Peters, T and Waterman, R (1982) In search of excellence. New York: Harper & Row.Google Scholar
Peterson, C (2006) A Primer in Positive Psychology. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Pinault, L (2003) The play zone: unlock your creative genius and connect with consumers.New York: Harper Collins.Google Scholar
Plester, B (2007) Laugh out loud: How organizational culture influences workplace humour, Unpublished PhD thesis, Massey University, Auckland, NZ.Google Scholar
Ramsey, R (2001) Fun at work: Lessons from the fish market, SuperVision (Burlington), 62(4): 78.Google Scholar
Redman, T and Mathews, B (2002) Managing services: Should we be having fun?, The Service Industries Journal, 22(3): 5162.Google Scholar
Roback, D and Brown, J (2000) Works: Fun and games, Publishers Weekly, 247(11): 37.Google Scholar
Robertson, J (2007) Employee Engagement: Driving Organisation Performance. Auckland: John Robertson & Assoc.Google Scholar
Romano, L (1998) Work can be fun at Boston Show, Frozen Food Age, 46(9): 32.Google Scholar
Rousseau, D and Tijoriwala, S (1998) Assessing psychological contracts: issues, alternatives and measures, Journal of Organisational Behaviour, 19: 679696.Google Scholar
Rousseau, DM (1998) The ‘problem’ of the psychological contract considered, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 19: 665671.Google Scholar
Rousseau, DM (2001) Schema, promise and mutuality: The building blocks of the psychological contract, The Journal of Occupational and Organisational Psychology, 74: 511541.Google Scholar
Roy, D (1958) Banana time: Job satisfaction and informal interaction, Human Organization, 18: 158168.Google Scholar
Samuelson, R (2001) Fun ethic vs. work ethic? Our jobs aren't what they used to be, and the boundaries between labor and leisure are eroding, Newsweek, 138(11): 43.Google Scholar
Schaufeli, W, Salanova, M., Gonzalellez-Roma, V., & Bakker, A (2002) The measurement of engagement and burnout: A two sample confirmatory factor analytic approach, Journal of Happiness Studies, 3: 7192.Google Scholar
Schein, E (1985) Organisational culture and leadership. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.Google Scholar
Schein, E (2004) Organisational culture and leadership. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.Google Scholar
Seek, (2008). http://www.seek.co.nz. Retrieved 16/11/08Google Scholar
Segal, R and LaCroix, D (2000) Laugh and get rich: how to profit from humor in any business. Burlington MA: Specific House.Google Scholar
Seligman, M and Csikszentmihalyi, M (2000) Positive psychology: An introduction, American Psychologist 55(1): 514.Google Scholar
Sheehan, P (2005) Generation Y: Thriving & surviving with generation Y at work. Melbourne VIC: Hardie Grant.Google Scholar
Shutte, L, Muktarsingh, N and Whettingsteel, H (1999) Fun in the name of work Director, 52(9): 5458.Google Scholar
Stuart, W (1996) IOS 9000 work instruction — subject: fun, The TQM Magazine, 8(4): 17.Google Scholar
Thomas, R (1999) Humour as the new weapon in the business wars, Observer: 8.Google Scholar
Trottman, M (2003, 07 11) New atmosphere: Inside Southwest Airlines, storied culture feels strains, spirit of fun and hard work is clouded by picketing and employee complaints; no longer the underdog, Wall Street Journal, p. A1.Google Scholar
Varadarajan, N (2007, 11 18) Covansys India: A fun place to work; at Covansys, employees are encouraged to play as hard as they work, Business Today, p. 172.Google Scholar
Warren, S and Fineman, S (2007) ‘Don't get me wrong, it's fun here, but…’: Ambivalence and paradox in a ‘fun’ work environment. In Westwood, R & Rhodes, C (eds.), Humour, Work & Organization (pp. 92112). London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Weinstein, M (1996) Managing to have fun. New York: Simon & Schuster.Google Scholar
Yerkes, L (2001) Fun works: Creating places where people love to work. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler.Google Scholar
Yerkes, L (2003) How to create a place where people love to work, The Journal for Quality and Participation, 26(4): 4752.Google Scholar