Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-sxzjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-17T18:35:54.981Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Estimating Reception Coverage Characteristics of AIS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 September 2011

Anna-Liesa S. Lapinski  and
Anthony W. Isenor
Anna-Liesa S. Lapinski*
Affiliation:
(Defence R&D Canada – Atlantic, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada)
Anthony W. Isenor
Affiliation:
(Defence R&D Canada – Atlantic, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada)
*
(Email: liesa.lapinski@drdc-rddc.gc.ca)
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The Automatic Identification System (AIS) is now well established and widely used in commercial shipping. The system originated from a safety mandate but AIS messages have also been shown to be useful from a security situational awareness perspective. In terms of coastal security, AIS messages are often received by land-based receivers positioned along a nation's coastline. The operational range of the receivers is controlled by complex variable VHF propagation characteristics, power of the transmitter, etc. However, certain characteristics of the reception coverage area can be determined from the AIS message receptions themselves. This paper presents an algorithm to compute coverage characteristics using AIS messages. The algorithm is applied to synthetic data with known coverage characteristics, and also real AIS data obtained from the Maritime Safety and Security Information System. Results from the Norwegian, North and Baltic Seas show how the coverage estimate is influenced by the coverage edge, lack of vessel activity, and diversity in the source data.

Keywords

AISAutomatic Identification SystemReceptionCoverage
Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Navigation , Volume 64 , Issue 4 , October 2011 , pp. 609 - 623
Copyright
Copyright © The Royal Institute of Navigation 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Aarsæther, K. G. & Moan, T. (2009). Estimating Navigation Patterns from AIS. The Journal of Navigation, 62, 587–607.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baldacci, A. (2008, 2010). Personal Communication on contact-based AIS coverage estimation.Google Scholar
Bragdon, C. (2008). Transporation Security. Elsevier Inc.Google Scholar
Glynn, A. (2010). Safe Seas: New system improves maritime security. In ágora, pp. 2. U.S. Northern Command.Google Scholar
International Maritime Organization (2002). AIS Transponders. http://www.imo.org/Safety/mainframe.asp?topic_id=754, Last Accessed: 2010-06-02.Google Scholar
International Telecommunications Union (2010). Recommendation ITU-R M.1371-4. Technical characteristics for an automatic identification system using time-division multiple access in the VHF maritime mobile band. ITU.Google Scholar
Lapinski, A.-L. S. & Isenor, A. W. (2010). Mapping AIS Coverage for Trusted Surveillance. Proceedings of the SPIE Security+Defence (Europe): Unmanned/Unattended Sensors and Sensor Networks, Toulouse, France.Google Scholar
Ponsford, A. M., D'Souza, I. A. & Kirubarajan, T. (2009). Surveillance of the 200 nautical mile EEZ using HFSWR in association with a spaced-based AIS interceptor. Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Technologies for Homeland Security, 2009: HST ‘09.Google Scholar
Ristic, B., Scala, B. L., Morelande, M., et al. (2008). Statistical Analysis of Motion Patterns in AIS Data: Anomaly Detection and Motion Prediction. Proceedings of the 11th International Conf. on Information Fusion.Google Scholar
Sawano, N. (2008). Current Situation of Digitalized Ship Navigation System for Safety. Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications - Workshops, 2008: AINAW 2008.Google Scholar