Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-x24gv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-07T07:44:30.031Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Investigation of field output factors using IAEA-AAPM TRS-483 code of practice recommendations and Monte Carlo simulation for 6 MV photon beams

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 November 2021

Sumalee Yabsantia Open the ORCID record for Sumalee Yabsantia [Opens in a new window] ,
Sivalee Suriyapee Open the ORCID record for Sivalee Suriyapee [Opens in a new window] ,
Nakorn Phaisangittisakul ,
Sornjarod Oonsiri ,
Taweap Sanghangthum  and
Jan Seuntjens
Sumalee Yabsantia
Affiliation:
Medical Physics Program, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
Sivalee Suriyapee*
Affiliation:
Medical Physics Program, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
Nakorn Phaisangittisakul
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
Sornjarod Oonsiri
Affiliation:
Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
Taweap Sanghangthum
Affiliation:
Medical Physics Program, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
Jan Seuntjens
Affiliation:
Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montreal, Québec H3G 1A4, Canada
*
Author for correspondence: Sivalee Suriyapee, Medical Physics Program, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand Tel: +66819030326. E-mail: ssivalee@yahoo.com
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Introduction:

This study aims to experimentally determine field output factors using the methodologies suggested by the IAEA-AAPM TRS-483 for small field dosimetry and compare with the calculation from Monte Carlo (MC) simulation.

Methods:

The IBA-CC01, Sun Nuclear EDGE and IBA-SFD detectors were employed to determine the uncorrected and the corrected field output factors for 6 MV photon beams. Measurements were performed at 100 cm source to axis distance, 10 cm depth in water, and the field sizes ranged from 1 × 1 to 10 × 10 cm2. The use of field output correction factors proposed by the TRS-483 was utilised to determine field output factors. The measured field output factors were compared to that calculated using the egs_chamber user code.

Results:

The decrease in the percentage standard deviation of the measured three detectors was observed after applying the field output correction factors. Measured field output factors using CC01 and EDGE detectors agreed with MC values within 3% for field sizes down to 1 × 1 cm2, except the SFD detector.

Conclusions:

The corrected field output factors agree with the calculation from MC, except the SFD detector. CC01 and EDGE are suitable for determining field output factors, while the SFD may need more implementation of the intermediate field method.

Keywords

field output factorsIAEA-AAPM TRS-483Monte Carlo simulationsmall field dosimetry
Type
Original Article
Information
Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice , Volume 22 , 2023 , e27
Check for updates
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Palmans, H, Andreo, P, Huq, M, Seuntjens, J, Christaki, K. Dosimetry of small static fields used in external beam radiotherapy: An IAEA–AAPM International code of practice for reference and relative dose determination. Technical Report Series No. 483. [Internet]. International Atomic Energy Agency. Vienna; 2017. Available from: https://www.iaea.org/publications/11075/dosimetry-of-small-static-fields-used-in-external-beam-radiotherapy CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Francescon, P, Cora, S, Satariano, N. Calculation of k (Q (clin), Q (msr)) (f (clin), f (msr)) for several small detectors and for two linear accelerators using Monte Carlo simulations. Med Phys 2011; 38: 6513–6527.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Scott, AJD, Kumar, S, Nahum, AE, Fenwick, JD. Characterizing the influence of detector density on dosimeter response in non-equilibrium small photon fields. Phys Med Biol 2012; 57: 4461–4476.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bouchard, H, Kamio, Y, Palmans, H, Seuntjens, J, Duane, S. Detector dose response in megavoltage small photon beams. II. Pencil beam perturbation effects. Med Phys 2015; 42: 6048–6061.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cheng, JY, Ning, H, Arora, BC, Zhuge, Y, Miller, RW. Output factor comparison of Monte Carlo and measurement for Varian TrueBeam 6 MV and 10 MV flattening filter-free stereotactic radiosurgery system. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2016; 17: 100–110.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Das, I, Downes, MB, Kassaee, A. Choice of Radiation Detector in Dosimetry of Stereotactic Radiosurgery-Radiotherapy. J Radiosurgery 2000; 3: 177–186.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dieterich, S, Sherouse, GW. Experimental comparison of seven commercial dosimetry diodes for measurement of stereotactic radiosurgery cone factors. Vol. 38, Medical Physics. John Wiley and Sons Ltd; 2011: 4166–4173.Google ScholarPubMed
Mamesa, S, Oonsiri, S, Sanghangthum, T, Yabsantia, S, Suriyapee, S. The impact of corrected field output factors based on IAEA/AAPM code of practice on small-field dosimetry to the calculated monitor unit in eclipseTM treatment planning system. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2020; 21: 65–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Derreumaux, S, Etard, C, Huet, C, et al. Lessons from recent accidents in radiation therapy in France. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2008; 131: 130–135.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Alfonso, R, Andreo, P, Capote, R, et al. A new formalism for reference dosimetry of small and nonstandard fields. Med Phys 2008; 35: 5179–5186.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huq, MS, Hwang, MS, Teo, TP, Jang, SY, Heron, DE, Lalonde, RJ. A dosimetric evaluation of the IAEA-AAPM TRS483 code of practice for dosimetry of small static fields used in conventional linac beams and comparison with IAEA TRS-398, AAPM TG51, and TG51 Addendum protocols. Med Phys 2018; 45: 4257–4273.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, CL, Montesari, A, Oliver, CP, Butler, DJ. Evaluation of the IAEA-TRS 483 protocol for the dosimetry of small fields (square and stereotactic cones) using multiple detectors. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2019; 21: 98–110.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Haryanto, F, Fippel, M, Laub, W, Dohm, O, Nüsslin, F. Investigation of photon beam output factors for conformal radiation therapy - Monte Carlo simulations and measurements. Phys Med Biol 2002; 47: 133–143.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Francescon, P, Cora, S, Cavedon, C. Total scatter factors of small beams: A multidetector and Monte Carlo study. Med Phys 2008; 35: 504–513.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Puxeu-Vaqué, J, Duch, MA, Nailon, WH, Lizuain, MC, Ginjaume, M. Field correction factors for a PTW-31016 Pinpoint ionization chamber for both flattened and unflattened beams. Study of the main sources of uncertainties. Med Phys 2017; 44: 1930–1938.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
O’Brien, DJ, León-Vintró, L, McClean, B. Small field detector correction factors k Q clin, Q msrf clin, f msr for silicon-diode and diamond detectors with circular 6 MV fields derived using both empirical and numerical methods. Med Phys 2016; 43: 411–423.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cranmer-Sargison, G, Weston, S, Evans, JA, Sidhu, NP, Thwaites, DI. Monte Carlo modelling of diode detectors for small field MV photon dosimetry: detector model simplification and the sensitivity of correction factors to source parameterization. Phys Med Biol 2012; 57: 5141–5153.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cranmer-Sargison, G, Weston, S, Evans, JA, Sidhu, NP, Thwaites, DI. Implementing a newly proposed Monte Carlo based small field dosimetry formalism for a comprehensive set of diode detectors. Med Phys 2011; 38: 6592–6602.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Benmakhlouf, H, Sempau, J, Andreo, P. Output correction factors for nine small field detectors in 6 MV radiation therapy photon beams: A PENELOPE Monte Carlo study. Med Phys 2014; 41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Papaconstadopoulos, P, Archambault, L, Seuntjens, J. Experimental investigation on the accuracy of plastic scintillators and of the spectrum discrimination method in small photon fields: Med Phys 2017; 44: 654–664.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kawrakow, I. Accurate condensed history Monte Carlo simulation of electron transport. I. EGSnrc, the new EGS4 version. Med Phys 2000; 27: 485–498.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rodriguez, M, Sempau, J, Fogliata, A, Cozzi, L, Sauerwein, W, Brualla, L. A geometrical model for the Monte Carlo simulation of the TrueBeam linac. Phys Med Biol 2015; 60: N219–29.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yabsantia, S, Suriyapee, S, Phaisangittisakul, N, et al. determination of field output correction factors of radiophotoluminescence glass dosimeter and CC01 ionization chamber and validation against IAEA-AAPM TRS-483 code of practice. Phys Medica 2021; 88: 167–174.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Azangwe, G, Grochowska, P, Georg, D, et al. Detector to detector corrections: A comprehensive experimental study of detector specific correction factors for beam output measurements for small radiotherapy beams. Med Phys 2014; 41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bassinet, C, Huet, C, Derreumaux, S, et al. Small fields output factors measurements and correction factors determination for several detectors for a CyberKnife® and linear accelerators equipped with microMLC and circular cones. Med Phys 2013; 40.Google ScholarPubMed
Tanny, S, Sperling, N, Parsai, EI. Correction factor measurements for multiple detectors used in small field dosimetry on the Varian Edge radiosurgery system. Med Phys 2015; 42: 5370–5376.Google ScholarPubMed
Tolabin, DE, Laguardia, RA, Bianchini, S. Implementation of a novel uncertainty budget determination methodology for small field dosimetry. In: IFMBE Proceedings. 2019. p. 611–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar