1969 was a time of some introspection for thearchitectural profession in India. The vision ofbold architecture that Nehru had nurtured sopersonally was now in full bloom. It was, after all,a decade since he had urged architects to break theshackles of tradition in support of Chandigarh – anexperiment to embolden the spirit of New India.There was a general sense of relief fromprofessionally trained architects, because for themthis political support meant that they could now dowhat they did best. Not out of choice, but training,they were freed from the burden of addressingtradition, and they could now address foreigndesign. This was also the time when many were‘returning home’ after training in European andAmerican schools, and were putting into practicewhat they had learnt abroad. The ‘foreign-returned’were the ‘real’ architects who took upon themselvesthe task of educating their clients, and changingthe face of India. They were ‘real’ also becauseonly they had had first-hand experience of what wasbeing taught from books in architecture schools allover India. With scholarship schemes set up by theNehru government facilitating architects to study inAmerica, it was there that many young architectswent to complete their education. Once back theywould set their euphoria in concrete and glass. Andby 1969 there were already quite a few examples ofAmerican-inspired designs in the portfolio of ModernIndia, and its novelty was beginning to wearoff.