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Control of Carapa guianensis phenology and seed production at multiple scales: a five-year study exploring the influences of tree attributes, habitat heterogeneity and climate cues

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 December 2011

Christie A. Klimas ,
Karen A. Kainer ,
Lúcia H. Wadt ,
Christina L. Staudhammer ,
Valéria Rigamonte-Azevedo ,
Manoel Freire Correia  and
Lílian Maria da Silva Lima
Christie A. Klimas*
Affiliation:
School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA DePaul University Environmental Science Program, Chicago, IL 60614, USA
Karen A. Kainer
Affiliation:
School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA Center for Latin American Studies, Tropical Conservation and Development Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
Lúcia H. Wadt
Affiliation:
Embrapa (The Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation) Acre, BR 364, Km 14, Rio Branco, Acre, 69901-108Brazil
Christina L. Staudhammer
Affiliation:
School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
Valéria Rigamonte-Azevedo
Affiliation:
UFAC (Federal University of Acre) Campus Universitário Rodovia BR 364, Km 4 n. 6637 Rio Branco, Acre, 69915-900Brazil
Manoel Freire Correia
Affiliation:
Embrapa (The Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation) Acre, BR 364, Km 14, Rio Branco, Acre, 69901-108Brazil
Lílian Maria da Silva Lima
Affiliation:
CNPq Fellow, Embrapa Acre, BR 364, Km 14, Rio Branco, Acre, 69901-108Brazil
*
1Corresponding author. Present address: Environmental Science Program, McGowan South 203, 1110 W Belden Ave, Chicago, IL 60614, USA. Email: cklimas@depaul.edu
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Abstract:

During 5 y, we monitored reproductive activity and seed production of Carapa guianensis in two forest types to test the hypothesis that seed production is influenced by multiple factors across scales (regional climatic cues, local habitat heterogeneity and individual tree attributes). Variability in seed production was moderate at the population (CVp = 1.25) and individual level (xCVi = 1.24). A mixed model with a Poisson regression revealed that seed production was explained by variables at all scales. Total seed production was significantly higher in occasionally inundated forests. Diameter at breast height, dbh2, crown cross-sectional area, liana load, density, dry-season rainfall and mean maximum temperature were also significant in explaining seed production variation. Seed production increased with dbh until 40–50 cm, then decreased. Liana load demonstrated a negative relationship with seed production, but only in terra firme forests. Climatic cues (rainfall and temperature parameters) were central to setting overall patterns in reproductive activity and seemed to best explain why years with high seed production were consistent across the two forest types (habitats) examined. Dry-season rainfall was positively correlated with seed production.

Keywords

Amazonforest typerainfalltemperaturetropical diversity
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Tropical Ecology , Volume 28 , Issue 1 , January 2012 , pp. 105 - 118
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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References

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