The syntactic form classes or parts of speech include verbs, nouns, adjuncts and particles. The single verbs, nouns, adjuncts and particles, and the sequences that substitute for them in constructions, belong respectively to the verbal, nominal, adjunctive and relational classes. Members of these classes are called, respectively, verbals, nominals, adjunctives and relationals.

Thus the noun, and nominal,? astzání 'woman' occurs in several contexts, for example sharing the constructional meaning 'topic is attended by comment' with a following verbal, as in ?astzání 1 ?ałtší 'the woman has children' (?altSi is a verb meaning 'she has children'). In tii 2 ?astzání 1 ?ałtší 'this woman has children', the constituents of the construction tii 2 ?astzání 'this woman' are a demonstrative, and nominal, tii 'this' and a following noun, and nominal, ?astzání 'woman' sharing the constructional meaning 'indexive character relates to axis'; this construction occurs as a constituent in construction with a following verbal and shares with it the constructional meaning 'topic is attended by comment'. Since the sequence tii ?astzání 'this woman' substi tutes for a noun in a construction, it is a nominal.