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Celtic Notes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 April 2026

George S. Lane
George S. Lane*
Affiliation:
The Catholic University of America
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Abstract

[1. Ir. āsaim (NIr. fāsaim) ‘grow’ : Goth, wahsjan, etc. 2. W blin ‘tired’ < IE *mlēno- or *mlīno- from the root *mel- ‘rub, grind’. 3. Ir. breo ‘flame’ : OE brīwan, brīw, etc. 4. W brig‘top, crest’ : Grk. . 5. Ir. bun, W bon ‘bottom’ from the root *bhen- ‘strike’ in Goth, banja, etc. 6. W clwyf ‘ wound, disease’ : Skt. klībá-. 7. Ir. crēcht ‘wound’ : MLG schrā, ON skrā, etc. 8. Ir. fennaim ‘flay’ : Skt. pari-vās-, etc. 9. Ir. gāba ‘danger’ : Russ, zabóta, OE cēpan. 10. W gosod ‘put’ derived from the root *st(h)ā- ‘stand’. 11. W hawdd ‘easy’, gwahodd ‘invite’ : Skt. sādhú-. 12. W hogen ‘girl’ from the root *seu-q- ‘suck’. 13. Br. miz ‘expense’ from OFr. mise. 14. Br. piz ‘stingy’ semantic borrowing from Fr. chiche. 15. On Ir. serrach ‘foal’. 16. W tor ‘tear’ : Lith. tárpas, etc. 17. W trwch ‘ broken, maimed’ : Lith. trúkti.]

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
Language , Volume 13 , Issue 1-Part1: January-March , March 1937 , pp. 21 - 28
Copyright
Copyright © 1937 Linguistic Society of America

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References

1 Examples of similar loss of initial f- are OIr. errach ‘spring’ : Lith. vasara ‘summer’; Ir. espartain ‘vespers, twilight’ from Lat. uespertina (hora). Cf. Pedersen, Vgl. Gramm. 1.82, 192, 214, 435.

2 Stokes in Fick, Vgl. wtb. 34.188; Henry, Lex. étym. 37; Pedersen, Vgl. Gramm. 1.108; Macbain, Etym. Dict. 40 but also attempting to connect with Lith. gležnùs ‘tender, weak’, Grk. βληχρόs ‘gentle’. For these cf. Walde-Pokorny, 1.661, 2.290.

3 Cf. Walde-Pokorny 1.691; Brugmann, Morphologische Untersuchungen 1.41.

4 Cf. Walde-Pokorny 2.285, 292.

5 Stokes’s attempt (BB 11.160) to connect Ir. breo as *bhreso- with Dan. brase ‘fry’, Sw. brasa ‘fire, blaze’, etc., seems to have won no adherence. For the etymology of the Scandinavian words cf. Falk-Torp, Etym. Wtb. 99 where the semantic source is taken rather as ‘crackle, crack’.

6 Cf. Walde-Pokorny 2.190; Pedersen, Vgl. Gramm. 1.361 f., 363 f., etc.

7 E.g. Meyer-Lūbke, Etym. Wtb. 1228c; Wartburg, Fr. etym. Wtb. 1.459 f.

8 Osthoff, Morphologische Untersuchungen 6.263 ff.; Sommer, IF 11.236 f.

9 Uhlenbeck, Etym. Wtb. 46; Fick 34.97.

10 Cf. Loth, Voc. vieux-breton 87.

11 For the comparatively restricted use of this suffix in Welsh, cf. Pedersen, Vgl. Gramm. 2.36 f.

12 There is indeed a form gos given in Owen Pugh’s Dictionary with various meanings some of which might fit here, but I find no trace of it elsewhere. It is probably an invention.

13 Cf. Walde-Pokorny 2.604 with numerous other examples of IE *st(h)-o- as second member of compounds.

14 On the sinking of u to o before ā, cf. Pedersen, Vgl. Gramm. 1.382 f. with mention of this example. For the ‘singulative’ endings -yn, -en cf. Morris-Jones, Welsh Gramm. 213, 229.

15 On the meaning of Ir. serr, NIr. searr and its possible British cognates cf. Loth, Rev. celt. 44.147.

16 Without identification, but probably meaning *terek- ‘turn’, cf. Walde- Pokorny 1.735 f.

17 Cf. Pedersen, Vgl. Gramm. 1.81 f. The other examples of rr < rks quoted by Morris-Jones are just as dubious.

18 Cf. rather cainc : Skt. çankú-, ChSl. sąkŭ, etc. Pedersen, Vgl. Gramm. 1.126.

19 The comparison of truncus with Grk. r ρύω ‘rub down, wear ouť made by Meillet (Ernout-Meillet, Dict. étym. 1018) would again connect the Latin and the British forms but from an angle much more satisfactory to the latter.