¹ Leonard Bloomfield, Language 222 (New York, 1933).

² Bloomfield 178. I have decided to omit in the definition of the word all reference to juncture, since a satisfactory postulational basis for the concept of juncture has not yet been worked out (cf. B. Bloch, A Set of Postulates for Phonemic Analysis, Lang. 24.41, §58.3). This decision does not affect the validity of my own study of juncture in Polish (Lang. 22.353–58); it simply chooses to disregard juncture in the present context, since the classification of words in Polish remains the same whether juncture is considered or not.

³ See especially the treatment of Japanese by Bernard Bloch, SCJ III, JAOS 66.304–15.

⁴ The transcription used here is morphophonemic rather than phonemic; it disregards the automatic alternation of word-final consonants and of consonants in other pre-junctural positions, but is otherwise the same as that employed in my article on juncture in Polish. In addition the following symbols are used: a vertical bar marks off the inflectional endings, a hyphen sets off an affix from the rest of the base, a plus-sign separates the morphemes in an enumeration of the constituents of a morpheme sequence, and also the ICs of a compound word, the curve (~) indicates alternation among morphs.

⁵ On criticism of ‘process’ terminology see Hockett, Lang. 23.282–3; Bloch, Lang. 23.399.

⁶ See Bloomfield 161 and 178; Zellig S. Harris, Morpheme Alternants in Linguistic Analysis, Lang. 169–80; Charles F. Hockett, Problems of Morphemic Analysis, Lang. 23.321–43.

⁷ See Rulon S. Wells, Immediate Constituents, Lang. 23.81–117.

⁸ ‘Word’ will be understood to refer to both an uninflected word and the base of an inflected word, except in §3.4, where it is specifically limited.

⁹ See Bloch, Lang. 24.19, §21.4, on a definition of ‘phrase’.

¹⁰ A complete listing of suffixes will be given in a paper on morpheme alternation in Polish.

¹¹ The v morphs occur before morph a ‘infinitive predesinential’, e.g. kup-ov-a|ć ‘to buy’; uj occurs before morphs e and zero ‘present predesinential’, e.g. kup-uj-e|š ‘you buy’, kup-uj-0|ę ‘I buy’. The v morphs are automatically differentiated as follows: iv after morpheme-final k, g, x, e.g. dosług-iv-a|ć ‘do one's share; deserve’, yv after any consonant except k, g, x, ov after p, v, in words whose predesinential a has replaced predesinential i of the continuous sequence, e.g. dźiv-ov-a|ć ‘be wondering at’: dźiv-i|ć ‘wonder at’.

¹² See Wells 104–6, §§55–62, particularly 104 = §55, for criteria for determining discontinuous ICs; also 102 fn. 37 for additional references.

¹³ The morphs y ~ u ~ a ~ o occur as follows: y in bož|ydar a name, in bjal|ystok name of a city, and in words the prior IC of whose base contains tš|y ‘three’, e.g. tš|ylet-ń|i ‘three years old’; u in words with dv|u ‘two’ as the prior IC of the base, e.g. dv|ulet-ń|i ‘two years old’; a in sv|avol|a ‘wantonness’ and in vjelk|anoc ‘Easter’; o elsewhere.