Hostname: page-component-68c7f8b79f-gnk9b Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-01-01T07:16:47.820Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Constructed languages in the classroom

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2026

Nathan Sanders*
Affiliation:
Swarthmore College
*
500 College Avenue, Department of Linguistics, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA19081 [nsander1@swarthmore.edu]
Get access

Abstract

Constructed languages (purposefully invented languages like Esperanto and Klingon) have long captured the human imagination. They can also be used as pedagogical tools in the linguistics classroom to enhance how certain aspects of linguistics are taught and to broaden the appeal of linguistics as a field. In this article, I discuss the history and nature of constructed languages and describe various ways I have successfully brought them into use in the classroom. I conclude from the results of my courses that linguists should take a closer look at how they might benefit from similarly enlisting this often criticized hobby into more mainstream use in the linguistics classroom.

Information

Type
Teaching Linguistics
Copyright
Copyright © 2016 Linguistic Society of America

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Adams, Michael (ed.) 2011. From Elvish to Klingon: Exploring invented languages. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Bergen, Benjamin K. 2001. Nativization processes in L1 Esperanto. Journal of Child Language 28. 575–95. DOI: 10.1017/S0305000901004779.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bowler, Tim. 2013. Why speaking English can make you poor when you retire. BBC News, 23 February 2013. Online: http://www.bbc.com/news/business-21518574.Google Scholar
Corsetti, Renato. 1996. A mother tongue spoken mainly by fathers. Language Problems and Language Planning 20. 263–73. DOI: 10.1075/lplp.20.3.05cor.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eco, Umberto. 1993. La ricerca della lingua perfetta nella cultura europea. Rome: Laterza.Google Scholar
Gleitman, Lila, and Papafragou, Anna. 2005. Language and thought. The Cambridge handbook of thinking and reasoning, ed. by Holyoak, Keith J. and Morrison, Robert G., 633–62. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Halle, Morris, and Keyser, Samuel Jay. 1971. English stress: Its form, its growth, and its role in verse. New York: Harper & Row.Google Scholar
Higley, Sarah L. 2007. Hildegard of Bingen s unknown language: An edition, translation, and discussion. New York: Palgrave MacMillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ito, Junko, Kitagawa, Yoshihisa; and Mester, Armin. 1996. Prosodic faithfulness and correspondence: Evidence from a Japanese argot. Journal of East Asian Linguistics. 5. 217–94. DOI: 10.1007/BF00132604.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, Μ. Paul, Simons, Gary F.; and Fennig, Charles D. (eds.) 2015. Ethnologue: Languages of the world. 18th edn. Dallas: SIL International. Online: http://www.ethnologue.com.Google Scholar
Loria, Kevin. 2015. No one could see the color blue until modern times. Business Insider, February 27, 2015. Online: http://www.businessinsider.com/what-is-blue-and-how-do-we-see-color-2015-2.Google Scholar
Nicholas, Nick, and Strader, Andrew. 2000. The Klingon Hamlet. New York: Pocket Books.Google Scholar
Okrand, Marc. 1992 [1985]. The Klingon dictionary. New York: Pocket Books.Google Scholar
Okrand, Marc. 1997. Klingon for the galactic traveler. New York: Pocket Books.Google Scholar
Okrent, Arika. 2010. In the land of invented languages: Adventures in linguistic creativity, madness, and genius. New York: Spiegel & Grau.Google Scholar
Peterson, David J. 2014. Living language Dothraki: A conversational language course based on the hit original HBO series Game of Thrones. New York: Living Language.Google Scholar
Peterson, David J. 2015. The art of language invention: From Horse-Lords to Dark Elves, the words behind world-building. New York: Penguin Books.Google Scholar
Roget, Peter Mark. 1884 [1852]. Thesaurus of English words and phrases classified and arranged so as to facilitate the expression of ideas and assist in literary composition. New edn. London: Longman, Green, & Co.Google Scholar
Rosenfelder, Mark. 2010. The language construction kit. Chicago: Yonagu Books.Google Scholar
Schreyer, Christine. 2013. The culture of conlanging: What can we learn about culture from created languages? Fiat Lingua, FL-000017-00. Online: http://fiatlingua.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/fl-000017-00.pdf.Google Scholar
Sutton-Spence, Rachel, and Napoli, Donna Jo. 2009. Humour in sign languages: The linguistic underpinnings. Dublin: Trinity College Dublin.Google Scholar
Tolkien, J. R. R. 1981. The letters of J. R. R. Tolkien, ed. by Carpenter, Humphrey and Tolkien, Christopher. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Versteegh, Kees. 1993. Esperanto as a first language: Language acquisition with a restricted input. Linguistics 31. 539–55. DOI: 10.1515/ling.1993.31.3.539.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watkins, Calvert. 2011. The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European roots. 3rd edn. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.Google Scholar
Wilkins, John. 1668. Essay towards a real character and a philosophical language. London: Royal Society of London.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Sanders supplementary material

Sanders supplementary material
Download Sanders supplementary material(File)
File 104.3 KB