Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-xtgtn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-17T04:50:47.807Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Chronological Revision of Preclassic Kaminaljuyú, Guatemala: Implications for Social Processes in the Southern Maya Area

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Takeshi Inomata ,
Raúl Ortiz ,
Bárbara Arroyo  and
Eugenia J. Robinson
Takeshi Inomata
Affiliation:
School of Anthropology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0030, (inomata@email.arizona.edu)
Raúl Ortiz
Affiliation:
School of Anthropology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0030, (inomata@email.arizona.edu)
Bárbara Arroyo
Affiliation:
Instituto de Antropología e Historia de Guatemaía, Guatemaía City, Guatemaía
Eugenia J. Robinson
Affiliation:
Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Criminal Justice, Montgomery College, Rockville, MD 20850
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Kaminaljuyú has been an important focus of archaeological research since the 1930s, and the chronologies of various sites of the Southern Maya Area are linked directly to that of Kaminaljuyú. The implications of the currently prevalent chronology of Kaminaljuyú are that various social and political institutions developed significantly earlier in the Southern Maya Area than in the Maya Lowlands during the Preclassic period. Our evaluations of new and existing radiocarbon dates through the application ofBayesian statistics, as well as ceramic cross-dating, indicate that the Middle and Late Preclassic portions of the Kaminaljuyú sequence need to be shifted forward in time by roughly 300 years. Our chronological revisions have the following important implications: (1) many centers in the Southern Maya Area suffered political disruptions around 400 B.C., roughly at the same time as La Venta and the centers in the Grijalva region of Chiapas; and (2) highly centralized polities with divine rulers and their depictions on stelae developed roughly contemporaneously in the Southern Maya Area and in the Maya Lowlands after 100 B.C.

Resumen

Resumen

Kaminaljuyú ha sido unfoco importante de investigaciones arqueológicas desde la dùcada de 1930, y las cronologías de varios sitios del sur del área maya han sido vinculadas directamente con aquella de Kaminaljuyú. La cronología prevalente de Kaminaljuyú, propuesta por Edwin Shook y Marion Popenoe de Hatch, implica que varias instituciones sociales y politicas se desarrollaron significativamente más temprano en el sur de la zona maya que en las Tierras Bajas mayas durante el periodo Precldsico. Nuestra evaluación defechas de radiocarbono nuevas y existentes a traves de la aplicacion de estadistica Bayesiana fecha las porciones del Preclásico Medio y Tardio de la secuencia de Kaminaljuyú aproximadamente 300 anos más tarde. Las correlaciones relativas de cerámica entre varias regiones basadas en los andlisis tipologico y modal son consistentes con esta nueva cronológicas. Las implicaciones más importantes de nuestras revisiones cronologicas son las siguientes: (1) muchos centros en el sur de la zona maya sufrieron perturbaciones politicas alrededor del 400 a.C, al mismo tiempo que el centro Olmeca de La Venta y los asentamientos en la región del Río Grijalva en Chiapas; y (2) las entidades politicas altamente centralizadas con gobernantes divinos y sus representaciones en estelas se desarrollaron de manera contemporánea en el sur de la zona maya y en las Tierras Bajas mayas después del aňo 100 a.C.

Type
Special Section: Rethinking Ceramic Chronologies, Part I
Information
Latin American Antiquity , Volume 25 , Issue 4 , December 2014 , pp. 377 - 408
Copyright
Copyright © Society for American Archaeology 2014

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References Cited

Andrews, E. Wyllys, V 1990 Early Ceramic History of the Lowland Maya. In Vision and Revision in Maya Studies, edited by Peter Harrison and Flora Clancy, pp. 1–19. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.Google Scholar
Anovitz, Lawrence M., Elam, J. Michael, Riciputi, Lee R., and Cole, David R. 1999 The Failure of Obsidian Hydration Dating: Sources, Implications, and New Directions. Journal of Archaeological Science 26:735–752.Google Scholar
Arroyo, Bárbara (editor) 2010 Entre cerros, cafetales y urbanismo en el valle de Guatemala: Proyecto de Rescate Naranjo. Academia de Geografía e Historia de Guatemala, Guatemala.Google Scholar
Bachand, Bruce R. 2006 Preclassic Excavations at Punta de Chimino, Petén, Guatemala: Investigating Social Emplacement on an Early Maya Landscape. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.Google Scholar
Blake, Michael, Clark, John E., Voorhies, Barbara, Michaels, George, Love, Michael W., Pye, Mary E., Demarest, Arthur A., and Arroyo, Barbara 1995 Radiocarbon Chronology for the Late Archaic and Formative Periods on the Pacific Coast of Southeastern Mesoamerica. Ancient Mesoamerica 6:161–183.Google Scholar
Borhegyi, Stephan F. 1965 Archaeological Synthesis of the Guatemalan Highlands. In Archaeology of Southern Mesoamerica, Part One, edited by Gordon R. Willey, pp. 3–58. Handbook of Middle American Indians, Vol. 2, Robert Wauchope, general editor. University of Texas Press, Austin.Google Scholar
Borhegyi, Stephan F. 1970 Depósitos subterráneos en forma de botella y sonajas de barro del preclásico de Guatemala. Estudios de Cultura Maya 8:25–34.Google Scholar
Brady, James E., Ball, Joseph W., Bishop, Ronald L., Pring, Duncan C., Hammond, Norman, and Housley, Rupert A. 1998 The Lowland Maya “Protoclassic”: A Reconsideration of Its Nature and Significance. Ancient Mesoamerica 9(1): 17–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Braswell, Geoffrey E. 1992 Obsidian-Hydration Dating, the Coner Phase, and Revisionist Chronology at Copán, Honduras. Latin American Antiquity 3(2):130–147.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Braswell, Geoffrey E. 2003 Dating Early Classic Interaction between Kaminaljuyu and Central Mexico. In The Maya and Teotihuacan: Reinterpreting Early Classic Interaction, edited by Geoffrey E. Braswell, pp. 81–104. University of Texas Press, Austin.Google Scholar
Bryant, Douglas D., Clark, John E., and Cheetham, David 2005 Ceramic Sequence of the Upper Grijalva Region, Chiapas, Mexico. Papers of the New World Archaeological Foundation No. 67. Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.Google Scholar
Cheek, Charles 1977 Excavations at the Palangana and the Acropolis, Kaminaljuyu. In Teotihuacan and Kaminaljuyu: A Study in Prehistoric Culture Contact, edited by William T. Sanders and Joseph W. Michels, pp. 1–204. Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park.Google Scholar
Clark, John E., and Cheetham, David 2002 Mesoamerica's Tribal Foundations. In Archaeology of Tribal Societies, Vol. 15, edited by W. A. Parkinson, pp. 278–339. Archaeological Series: International Monograph in Prehistory, Ann Arbor, Michigan.Google Scholar
Clark, John E., and Cheetham, David 2005 Cerámica del Formativo de Chiapas. In La productión alfarera en el México Antiguo, Volumen I, edited by B. L. Merino Carrión and Angel García Cook, pp. 285–434. INAH, México.Google Scholar
Clark, John E., and Hansen, Richard D. 2001 Architecture of Early Kingship: Comparative Perspectives on the Origins of the Maya Royal Court. In Royal Courts of the Ancient Maya, Volume 2: Data and Case Studies, edited by Takeshi Inomata and Stephen D. Houston, pp. 1–45. Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado.Google Scholar
Clark, John E., and Lee, Thomas A. 2013 Minor Excavations in Lower Izapa. Papers of the New World Archaeological Foundation No. 75. Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.Google Scholar
Clark, John E., and Pye, Mary E. 2000 The Pacific Coast and the Olmec Question. In Olmec Art and Archaeology in Mesoamerica, edited by John E. Clark and Mary E. Pye, pp. 217–251. National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C. Google Scholar
Coe, Michael D. 1957 Cycle 7 Monuments in Middle America: A Reconsideration. American Anthropologist 59:597–611.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coe, Michael D. 1961 La Victoria: An Early Site on the Pacific Coast of Guatemala. Papers of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology Vol. 53. Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts.Google Scholar
Coe, Michael D. 1965 The Olmec Style and Its Distributions. In Archaeology of Southern Mesoamerica, Part Two, edited by Gordon R. Willey, pp. 739–775. Handbook of Middle American Indians, Vol. 3, Robert Wauchope, general editor. University of Texas Press, Austin.Google Scholar
Coe, Michael D., and Flannery, Kent V. 1967 Early Cultures and Human Ecology in South Coastal Guatemala. Smithsonian Press, Washington, D.C. Google Scholar
Crane, H. R., and Griffin, James B. 1964 University of Michigan Radiocarbon Dates IX. Radiocarbon 6:1–24.Google Scholar
Culbert, T. Patrick 1993 Tikal Reports No. 25: The Ceramics of Tikal. University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.Google Scholar
Deevey, Edward S., Gralenski, L. J., and Hoffren, Vaino 1959 Yale Natural Radiocarbon Measurements IV. American Journal of Science Radiocarbon Supplement 1:144–172.Google Scholar
Demarest, Arthur A. 1986 The Archaeology of Santa Leticia and the Rise of Maya Civilization. Publications of the Middle American Research Institute No. 52. Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.Google Scholar
Demarest, Arthur A. 1989 The Olmec and the Rise of Civilization in Eastern Mesoamerica. In Regional Perspectives on the Olmec, edited by Robert J. Sharer and David C. Grove, pp. 303–344. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Demarest, Arthur A. 2009 Maya Archaeology for the Twenty-First Century: The Progress, the Perils, and the Promise. Ancient Mesoamerica 20:253–263.Google Scholar
Demarest, Arthur A. 2011 The Political, Economic, and Cultural Correlates of Late Preclassic Southern Highland Material Culture: Evidence, Analyses, and Controversies. In The Southern Maya in the Late Preclassic: The Rise and Fall of an Early Mesoamerican Civilization, edited by Michael Love and Jonathan Kaplan, pp. 345–386. University Press of Colorado, Boulder.Google Scholar
Demarest, Arthur A., and Sharer, Robert J. 1982 The Origins and Evolution of Usulutan Ceramics. American Antiquity 47:810–822.Google Scholar
Demarest, Arthur A., Switsur, Roy, and Berger, Rainer 1982 The Dating and Cultural Associations of the “Potbellied” Sculptural Style: New Evidence from Western El Salvador. American Antiquity 47:557–571.Google Scholar
Diehl, Richard A. 2004 The Olmecs: America's First Civilization. Thames & Hudson, London.Google Scholar
Fahsen, Federico 2010 Preclassic Stone Sculpture in the Guatemalan Highlands: Broken Monuments and Forgotten Scripts. In The Place of Stone Monuments: Context, Use, and Meaning in Mesoamerica's Preclassic Transition, edited by Julia Guernsey, John E. Clark, and Barbara Arroyo, pp. 231–258. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Washington, D.C. Google Scholar
Fields, Virginia M., and Reents-Budet, D. (editors) 2005 Lords of Creation: The Origins of Sacred Maya Kingship. Los Angeles County Museum of Art.Google Scholar
Fitzpatrick, Scott M. 2006 A Critical Approach to 14C Dating in the Caribbean: Using Chronometric Hygiene to Evaluate Chronological Control and Prehistoric Settlement. Latin American Antiquity 17:389–418.Google Scholar
Gifford, James C. 1976 Prehistoric Pottery Analysis and the Ceramics of Barton Ramie in the Belize Valley. Memoirs of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology Vol. 18. Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachussetts.Google Scholar
Götting, Eva 2011 Excavaciones en el Edificio H-XVI (Operatión 12). In Proyecto Arqueológico SAHl-Uaxactun Informe No. 2: Temporada de Campo 2010, edited by Milan Kovác and Ernesto Arredondo Leiva, pp. 479–504. Report presented to the Instituto de Antropología e Historia de Guatemala.Google Scholar
Guernsey, Julia 2010 Rulers, Gods, and Potbellies: A Consideration of Preclassic Sculptural Themes and Forms from the Pacific Piedmont and Coast of Mesoamerica. In The Place of Stone Monuments: Context, Use, and Meaning in Mesoamerica's Preclassic Tradition, edited by Julia Guernsey, John E. Clark, and Babara Arroyo, pp. 207–230. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Washington, D.C. Google Scholar
Guernsey, Julia, Clark, John E., and Arroyo, Barbara (editors) 2010 The Place of Stone Monuments: Context, Use, and Meaning in Mesoamerica's Preclassic Transition. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Washington, D.C. Google Scholar
Hammond, Norman 1989 Cultura Hermana: Reappraising the Olmec. Quarterly Review of Archaeology 9(4):l–4.Google Scholar
Hammond, Norman (editor) 1991 Cuello: An Early Maya Community in Belize. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Hermes, Bernard, and Velásquez, Juan Luis 1996 El complejo cerámico Majadas de Kaminaljuyu. In IX Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, 1995, edited by Juan P. Laporte and Hector Escobedo, pp. 393–403. Museo National de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala.Google Scholar
Hicks, Frederick, and Rosaire, Charles E. 1960 Mound 13, Chiapa de Corzo, Chiapas, Mexico. Papers of the New World Archaeological Foundation No. 10. Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.Google Scholar
Ichon, Alain, and Arnauld, Marie-Charlotte 1985 Le protoclassique à La Lagunita, El Quiché, Guatemala. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut d'Ethnologie, Paris.Google Scholar
Ichon, Alain, and Viel, René 1984 La période formative à La Lagunita et dans le Quiché méridional, Guatemala. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris.Google Scholar
Inomata, Takeshi, Triadan, Daniela, Aoyama, Kazuo, Castillo, Victor, and Yonenobu, Hitoshi 2013 Early Ceremonial Constructions at Ceibal, Guatemala, and the Origins of Lowland Maya Civilization. Science 340(6131)467–471.Google Scholar
Inomata, Takeshi, Triadan, Daniela, and Román, Otto Rodrigo 2010 La transformatión y continuidad de ritos durante el peníodo Preclásico en Ceibal, Guatemala. In El ritual en el mundo maya: De lo privado a lo público, edited by Andrés Ciudad Ruiz, Iglesias, María Josefa Iglesias Ponce de León, and Miguel Sorroche Cuerva, pp. 29–48. Sociedad Española de Estudios Mayas, Madrid.Google Scholar
Joyce, Rosemary A., and Henderson, John S. 2001 Beginnings of Village Life in Eastern Mesoamerica. Latin American Antiquity 12(1):5–24.Google Scholar
Kaplan, Jonathan 2000 Monument 65: A Great Emblematic Depiction of Throned Rule and Royal Sacrifice at Late Preclassic Kaminaljuyu. Ancient Mesoamerica 11:185–198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaplan, Jonathan 2011 Miraflores Kaminaljuyu: Corpse and Corpus Delicti. In The Southern Maya in the Late Preclassic: The Rise and Fall of an Early Mesoamerican Civilization, edited by Michael Love and Jonathan Kaplan, pp. 237–286. University Press of Colorado, Boulder.Google Scholar
Kennett, Douglas J., Hajdas, Irka, Culleton, Brendan J., Belmecheri, Soumaya, Martin, Simon, Neff, Hector, Awe, Jaime, Graham, Heather V., Freeman, Katherine H., Newsom, Lee, Lentz, David L., Anselmetti, Flavio S., Robinson, Mark, Marwan, Norbert, Southon, John, Hodell, David A., and Haug, Gerald H. 2013 Correlating the Ancient Maya and Modern European Calendars with High-Precision AMS 14C Dating. Nature Scientific Report 3. Electronic document, http://www.nature.com/srep/2013/130411/srep01597/full/srep01597.html, accessed February 22, 2014.Google Scholar
Kidder, Alfred V. 1961 Archaeological Investigations at Kaminaljuyu, Guatemala. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 105(6):559–570.Google Scholar
Kosakowsky, Laura J. 1987 Preclassic Maya Pottery at Cuello, Belize. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.Google Scholar
Kosakowsky, Laura J., Belli, Francisco Estrada, and Pettitt, Paul 2000 Preclassic through Postclassic: Ceramics and Chronology of the Southern Pacific Coast of Guatemala. Ancient Mesoamerica 11:199–215.Google Scholar
Libby, Willard F. 1954 Chicago Radiocarbon Dates V. Science 120:733–742.Google Scholar
Love, Michael 2002a Ceramic Chronology of Preclassic Period Western Pacific Guatemala and Its Relationship to Other Regions. In Incidents of Archaeology in Central America and Yucatán: Essays in Honor of Edwin M. Shook, edited by Michael Love, Marion Popenoe de Hatch, and Héctor L. Escobedo, pp. 51–74. University Press of America, Lanham, Maryland.Google Scholar
Love, Michael 2002b Early Complex Society in Pacific Guatemala: Settlements and Chronology of the Río Naranjo, Guatemala. Papers of the New World Archaeological Foundation No. 66. Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.Google Scholar
Love, Michael 2007 Recent Research in the Southern Highlands and Pacific Coast of Mesoamerica. Journal of Archaeological Research 15:275–328.Google Scholar
Love, Michael 2010 Thinking Outside the Plaza: Varieties of Preclassic Sculpture in Pacific Guatemala and Their Political Significance. In The Place of Stone Monuments: Context, Use, and Meaning in Mesoamerica's Preclassic Tradition, edited by Julia Guernsey, John E. Clark, and Babara Arroyo, pp. 149–175. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Washington, D.C. Google Scholar
Love, Michael 2011 Cities, States, and City-State Culture in the Late Preclassic Southern Maya Region. In The Southern Maya in the Late Preclassic: The Rise and Fall of an Early Mesoamerican Civilization, edited by Michael Love and Jonathan Kaplan, pp. 47–76. University Press of Colorado, Boulder.Google Scholar
Love, Michael, and Kaplan, Jonathan H. (editors) 2011 The Southern Maya in the Late Preclassic: The Rise and Fall of an Early Mesoamerican Civilization. University Press of Colorado, Boulder.Google Scholar
Lowe, Gareth W. 1962 Mound 5 and Minor Excavations, Chiapa de Corzo, Chiapas, Mexico. Papers of the New World Archaeological Foundation No. 12. Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.Google Scholar
Love, Michael 1965 Desarrollo y función del incensario en Izapa. Estudios de Cultura Maya 5:53–64.Google Scholar
Lowe, Gareth W., and Agrinier, Pierre 1960 Mound I, Chiapa de Corzo, Chiapas, Mexico. Papers of the New World Archaeological Foundation No. 8. Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.Google Scholar
Lowe, Gareth W., Ekholm, Susanna M., and Clark, John E. 2013 Middle and Late Preclassic Izapa: Ceramic Complexes and History. Papers of the New World Archaeological Foundation, No. 73. Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.Google Scholar
Lowe, Gareth W., Lee, Thomas A., and Eduardo, Martinez E. 1982 Izapa: An Introduction to the Ruins and Monuments. Papers of the New World Archaeological Foundation No. 31. Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.Google Scholar
McAnany, Patricia A. (editor) 2004 K'axob: Ritual, Work and Family in an Ancient Maya Village. Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Monumenta Archaeologica Vol. 22. University of California, Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Michels, Joseph W. 1973 Radiocarbon and Obsidian Dating: A Chronometric Framework for Kaminaljuyu. In Occasional Papers in Anthropology, Vol. 9, pp. 21–65. Pennsylvania State University, University Park.Google Scholar
Michels, Joseph W. (editor) 1979 Settlement Pattern Excavations at Kaminaljuyu, Guatemala. Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park.Google Scholar
Murdy, Carson N. 1984 Prehistoric Man-Land Relationships through Time in the Valley of Guatemala. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park.Google Scholar
Navarrete, Carlos C. 2013 Excavaciones tempranas en Izapa. Papers of the New World Archaeological Foundation No. 74. Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.Google Scholar
Ohi, Kuniaki (editor) 1994 Kaminaljuyu. Museum of Tobacco and Salt, Tokyo.Google Scholar
Olsson, Ingrid U. 2009 Radiocarbon Dating History: Early Days, Questions, and Problems Met. Radiocarbon 51:1–43.Google Scholar
Parsons, Lee A. 1986 The Origins of Maya Art: Monumental Stone Sculpture of Kaminaljuyu, Guatemala, and the Southern Pacific Coast. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Washington, D.C. Google Scholar
Popenoe de Hatch, Marion 1997 Kaminaljuyu/San Jorge: evidencia arqueológica de la actividad económica en el valle de Guatemala, 300 a.C. a 300 d.C. Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala.Google Scholar
Popenoe de Hatch, Marion, and de Lavarreda, Christa Schieber 2001 Una revisión preliminar de la historia de Abaj Takalik, Departamento de Retalhuleu. In XIV Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, 2000, edited by Juan Pedro Laporte, Ana Claudia Suasnávar and Bábara Arroyo, pp. 1149–1164. Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala.Google Scholar
Hatch, Popenoe de, Marion, Christa Schieber de Lavarreda, and Corzo, Miguel Orrego 2011 Late Preclassic Developments at Takalik Abaj. In The Southern Maya in the Late Preclassic: The Rise and Fall of an Early Mesoamerican Civilization, edited by Michael Love and Jonathan Kaplan, pp. 203–236. University Press of Colorado, Boulder.Google Scholar
Povinec, Pavel P., Litherland, A. E., and von Reden, Karl F. 2009 Developments in Radiocarbon Technologies: From the Libby Counter to Compound-Specific AMS Analyses. Radiocarbon 51:45–78.Google Scholar
Robinson, Eugenia, Garnica, Marlen, Armitage, Ruth Ann, and Rowe, Marvin W. 2006 Los fechamientos del arte rupestre y La Casa de Las Golondrinas, San Miguel Dueñas, Sacatepéquez. In XX Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, 2005, edited by Juan Pedro Laporte, Bárbara Arroyo, Héctor Escobedo and Héctor Mejía, pp. 959–972. Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala.Google Scholar
Robinson, Eugenia, Farrell, Patricia, Emery, Kitty, and Braswell, Geoffrey 2002 Preclassic Settlements and Geomorphology in the Highlands of Guatemala: Excavations at Urias, Valley of Antigua. In Incidents of Archaeology in Central America and Yucatan, edited by Michael Love, Marion Popenoe de Hatch and Héctor Escobedo, pp. 251–277. University Press of America, Lanham, Maryland.Google Scholar
Rosenswig, Robert M. 2010 The Beginnings of Mesoamerican Civilization: Inter-Regional Interaction and the Olmec. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Satterthwaite, Linton, and Ralph, Elizabeth K. 1960 New Radiocarbon Dates and the Maya Correlation Problem. American Antiquity 26:165–184.Google Scholar
Saturno, William A., Stuart, David, and Beltrán, Boris 2006 Early Maya Writing at San Bartolo, Guatemala. Science 311:1281–1283.Google Scholar
Christa, Schieber de Lavarreda 2002 La ofrenda de Abaj Takalik. In XV Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, 2001, edited by Juan Pedro Laporte, Héctor L. Escobedo, and Bábara Arroyo, pp. 459–473. Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala.Google Scholar
Schieber de Lavarreda, Christa 2003 Una nueva ofrenda de Abaj Takalik: El Entierro 1. In XVI Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueólogicas en Guatemala, 2002, edited by Juan Pedro Laporte, Bábara Arroyo, Héctor Escobedo and Héctor Mejía, pp. 797–805. Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala.Google Scholar
Schieber de Lavarreda, Christa, and Corzo, Miguel Orrego 2009 El descubrimiento del Altar 48 de Tak'alik Ab'aj. In XXII Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, 2008, edited by Juan Pedro Laporte, Bárbara Arroyo, Héctor Escobedo, and Héctor Mejía, pp. 409–423. Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala.Google Scholar
Schieber de Lavarreda, Christa, and Corzo, Miguel Orrego 2010 Preclassic Olmec and Maya Monuments and Architecture at Takalik Abaj. In The Place of Stone Monuments: Context, Use, and Meaning in Mesoamerica's Preclassic Tradition, edited by Julia Guernsey, John E. Clark, and Babara Arroyo, pp. 177–205. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Washington, D.C. Google Scholar
Schieber de Lavarreda, Christa, and Pérez, Geremías Claudio 2004 Una página más en la historia de Abaj Taka'lik (Tak'alik Ab'aj). In XVII Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, 2003, edited by Juan Pedro Laporte, Bárbara Arroyo, Héctor Escobedo, and Héctor Mejía, pp. 429–447. Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala.Google Scholar
Schieber de Lavarreda, Christa, and Pérez, Geremías Claudio 2005 La ofrenda del incensario “La Niña”. In XVIII Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, 2004, edited by Juan Pedro Laporte, Bárbara Arroyo, and Héctor Mejía, pp. 751–762. Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala.Google Scholar
Sharer, Robert J. 1978 The Prehistory of Chalchuapa, El Salvador, Volume 3: Pottery and Conclusions. University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia.Google Scholar
Sharer, Robert J., and Sedat, David W. 1987 Archaeological Investigations in the Northern Maya Highlands, Guatemala: Interaction and the Development of Maya Civilization. University Museum Monograph Vol. 59. University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.Google Scholar
Shook, Edwin M. 1950 The Edwin M. Shook Archive. Departamento de Arqueología, Universidad del Valle, Guatemala.Google Scholar
Shook, Edwin M. 1952 Lugares arqueológicos del altiplano meridional central de Guatemala. Antropología e Historia de Guatemala 4:3–40.Google Scholar
Shook, Edwin M., and Kidder, Alfred V. 1952 Mound E-III-3, Kaminaljuyu, Guatemala. In Contributions to American Anthropology and History, pp. 35–127. Carnegie Institution, Washington, D.C. Google Scholar
Shook, Edwin M., and de Hatch, Marion Popenoe 1999 Las tierras altas centrales: Períodos preclásico y clásico. In Historia general de Guatemala, Tomo 1: Epoca precolombina, edited by Marion Popenoe de Hatch, pp. 289–318. Fondo para la Cultura y el Desarrollo, Guatemala.Google Scholar
Shook, Edwin M., de Hatch, Marion Popenoe, and Donaldson, Jamie K. 1979 Ruins of Semetabaj, Dept. Solola, Guatemala. In Studies in Ancient Mesoamerica, IV, edited by John A. Graham, pp. 7–142. University of California, Berkeley.Google Scholar
Spriggs, Matthew 1989 The Dating of the Island Southeast Asian Neolithic: An Attempt at Chronometric Hygiene and Linguistic Correlation. Antiquity 63:587–613.Google Scholar
Taché, Karine, and Hart, John P. 2013 Chronometric Hygiene of Radiocarbon Databases for Early Durable Cooking Vessel Technologies in Northeastern North America. American Antiquity 78:359–372.Google Scholar
Valdés, Juan Antonio, and Kaplan, Jonathan 2000 Qound-Penetrating Radar at the Maya Site of Kaminaljuyu, Guatemala. Journal of Field Archaeology 27:329–342.Google Scholar
Velez, Maria I., Curtis, Jason H., Brenner, Mark, Escobar, Jaime, Leyden, Barbara W., and de Hatch, Marion Popenoe 2011 Environmental and Cultural Changes in Highland Guatemala Inferred from Lake Amatitlán Sediments. Geoarchaeology 26(3):346–364.Google Scholar
von Nagy, Christopher L. 2003 Of Meandering Rivers and Shifting Towns: Landscape Evolution and Community within the Grijalva Delta. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.Google Scholar
Wetherington, Ronald K. (editor) 1978 The Ceramics of Kaminaljuyu, Guatemala. Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: PDF

Inomata et al. Supplementary Material

Supplementary Material

Download Inomata et al. Supplementary Material(PDF)
PDF 28 MB