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Estimation of Early Classic Maya Population: Methodological Challenges and Modeling at Naachtun, Guatemala
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 April 2023
Abstract
Most population estimates for Maya sites are for the Late Classic period, a time of peak population in the Central Maya Lowlands. At Naachtun, Guatemala, a major city during the Early Classic that continued into the Late Classic period, researchers recently carried out an ambitious program of test pitting in residential areas; its aim was to model the growth of residential units during the entire Classic period and so better contextualize the rise of Classic Maya dynasties and the scale of their economic and political power. This article presents an improvement to the existing method for estimating population for periods preceding the population apex (in this case, the Early Classic period): it not only estimates the occupancy rate of residential units occupied pre-apex but also assesses their size, using a typology I developed based on their morphology and pattern of transformation.
Resumen
La mayoría de las estimaciones de población de los sitios mayas pertenecen al Clásico tardío, época de auge demográfico en los asentamientos de las Tierras Bajas Centrales. En Naachtun (Guatemala), una de las ciudades más importantes durante todo el período Clásico, emprendimos recientemente un ambicioso programa de sondeos en las zonas residenciales para modelar el crecimiento de las unidades habitacionales durante dicho período y, contextualizar mejor el surgimiento de las dinastías del período Clásico y la escala real de su poder económico y político. Este artículo refuerza el método de estudio de las estimaciones de población para los períodos anteriores al apogeo demográfico, como es el Clásico temprano. No basta con estimar la tasa de ocupación de los grupos residenciales habitados durante el Clásico Temprano, sino que debemos considerar su tamaño antes del Clásico Tardío, teniendo en cuenta que pudieron expandirse entre ambos períodos. Para ello, utilizamos una tipología específica, que desarrollamos en base a la morfología y al patrón de transformación de las unidades.
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References
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