Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-pftt2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-19T16:12:42.926Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Indian Judicial System: Transition from Print to Digital

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 September 2013

Raj Kumar Bhardwaj
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

In this, the third of a trilogy of articles for LIM written by Raj Kumar Bhardwaj, the author addresses the move from print to digital legal information within the Indian judicial system. He describes briefly the historical development of the legal system and the enormous backlog of cases that are pending throughout the court structure, before turning attention to the role of ICT in the legal system and the moves under way to create a more efficient electronic administration for the judiciary in India.

Keywords

court administrationlegal systemsinformation technologyIndia
Type
International Perspectives
Information
Legal Information Management , Volume 13 , Issue 3 , September 2013 , pp. 203 - 208
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) 2013. Published by British and Irish Association of Law Librarians 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References

Dasgupta, Manas (2009). Model e-Courts launched, Hindu, dated 10 Feb. 2009 http://www.hindu.com/2009/02/10/stories/2009021059920900.htm.Google Scholar
Khanna, Poonam S. “The Indian Judicial System”.Towards Legal Literacy: A Introduction to Law in India. Delhi: Oxford UP, 2008. 28–44. Print.Google Scholar
Malik, W.H. (2002). ‘E-Justice: Towards a Strategic Use of ICT in Judicial Reform. Annex: ICT Experiences. United Nations Development Programme.’ [Online]. Available at: http://www.pogar.org/publications/judiciary/wmalik/annex.html [Last Accessed: December 2009].Google Scholar
Pandurangan, K. (2009). “E-Justice: Practical guide for the bench and Bar” Universal Law publishing, Delhi, 84–85. Print.Google Scholar
Philemon, L. (2007). Technological Advancement to Streamline the Judiciary. IPPmedia. [Online]. Available at: http://kurayangu.com/ipp/guardian/2007/10/05/99796.html [Last Accessed: December 2009].Google Scholar
Tere, J. (2008). E-Judicial Records System is Launched in Estonia. Economic/Business | Permalink. [Online]. Available at: http://shaan.typepad.com/shaanou/2008/07/e-judicial-reco.html [Last Accessed: December 2009].Google Scholar
Thanuskodi, S. (2012). “E-Resources and their Usage Patterns among the Lawyers of the SupremeCourt of India: A Case Study”.SRELS Journal of Information Management 49 (1), 87–97. Print.Google Scholar

Bibliography

Andrews, C. “User Perceptions of CALR.” Thesis. City University, London, 1993. Print.Google Scholar
Baranich, Marcie M. “HeinOnline Takes a Diversified Approach to Legal Research Training.” Legal Information Management 10.2 (2010): 120–3. Print.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barnes, Newkirk. “Handling Legal Questions at the Reference Desk and Beyond”. E-JASL: The Electronic Journal of Academic and Special Librarianship 6.3 (2005) Print.Google Scholar
Battisti, Michele. “To Legislate Better & Improve Availability to Legal Information within the European Legal Space”. Documentaliste – Sciences de l'Information 46.1 (2009): 23–5. Print.Google Scholar
Bench-Capon, T. “Argument in Artificial Intelligence and Law.” Artificial Intelligence and Law 5.4 (1997): 249–61. Print.Google Scholar
Bench-Capon, Trevor JM, and Visser, Pepijn RS. “Ontologies in legal information systems; the need for explicit specifications of domain conceptualizations.” Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Artificial intelligence and law. ACM, 1997.Google Scholar
Bhardwaj, Raj Kumar. “Legal Information System in Digital Age.” Journal of Library and Information Science, 33 (2008): 93–100. PrintGoogle Scholar
Bhardwaj, Raj Kumar. “Online Legal Information System in India: A Case Study from Faculty of Law, University of Delhi” Legal Information Management 12.2 (2012): 137–50. Print.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bhardwaj, Raj Kumar. “Legal Text Retrieval and Information Services in Digital Era”. International Caliber Ed. al, T.A.V.Murthy Etc.s.: 2005. Print.Google Scholar
Clark (Andrew). “Information technology in Legal Services.”: 13–30. Print.Google Scholar
Clinch, Peter. “Answering Queries about Access to Law Court Documents”. Legal Information Management 11.1 (2011): 42–4. Print.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corrall, Sheila, and O'Brien, James. “Developing the Legal Information Professional: A Study of Competency, Education and Training Needs”. Aslib Proceedings: New Information Perspectives 63.2–3 (2011): 295–320. Print.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crouch, Karen. “Avoiding Holes in our Britches – Resources for the Faster, Cheaper, Better Legal Researcher”. Legal Information Management 10.2 (2010): 115–20. Print.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Diez, Maria Luisa Alvite. “Research Trends on Legal Information Retrieval”. Revista Espanola de Documentacion Cientifica 26.2 (2003): 191–212. Print.Google Scholar
Diggle, Jack. “Outsourcing Information Management - Why, Where and how”.. Legal Information Management 8.2 (2008): 115–7. Print.Google Scholar
‘E-Judiciary: Computerizing the Judicial System – Express Computer.’ E-Judiciary: Computerizing the Judicial System – Express Computer. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 May 2013.Google Scholar
Fonseca and Emeritus. “Learning the differences between ontologies and conceptual schemas throughontology driven information system” AIS – Journal of the Association for Information Systems - Special Issue on Ontologies in the Context of IS 8. 2(2007): 129–142. Print.Google Scholar
Gee, D., and Whittle, S.. “CaLIM: Current Awareness for Legal Information Managers Web Database”. Legal Information Management 2.3 (2002): 55–62. Print.Google Scholar
Gruber, T.R. (1992). ONTOLINGUA: A Mechanism to Support Portable Ontologies, technical report, Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University, California, USA.Google Scholar
Gruber, T.R. (1993). A Translation Approach to Portable Ontology Specifications, Knowledge Acquisition, Vol. 5, pp.199–220.Google Scholar
Gruber, T.R. (1995). Toward Principles for the Design of Ontologies Used for Knowledge Sharing, Int. Journal of Human-Computer Studies, Vol. 43, pp. 907–928.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hyde, J.S. “Building the Global Legal Information Network (GLIN)”. Legal Reference Services Quarterly 19.3/4 (2001): 157–73. Print.Google Scholar
Johnston, Gary. “An Alternative Model for the Design and Implementation of Records Management Systems”. Records Management Bulletin.126 (2005): 13–7. Print.Google Scholar
Kalam, A.P.J. (2007) ‘Evolution of e-Judiciary. Address during the Launch of the Computerization of Courts’, New Delhi. [Online]. Available at http://www.taxindiaonline.com/RC2/pdfdocs/pres_ejudiciary.pdf [Last Accessed: December 2009].Google Scholar
‘Kalam for Adopting E-judiciary System”. NDTV.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 May 2013.Google Scholar
Kuhlthau, C. (1997). The Influence of Uncertainty on the Information-seeking Behavior of a Securities Analyst. In proceedings of Information-seeking in Context, University of Tampere, Finland, August 1996, Taylor-Graham, pp. 268–274.Google Scholar
The Legal System in Ancient India.” The Legal System in Ancient India. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 May 2013.Google Scholar
Makri, Stephann, Blandford, Ann, and Cox, Anna L.. “Investigating the Information-Seeking Behaviour of Academic Lawyers: From Ellis's Model to Design”. Information Processing and Management 44.2 (2008): 613–34. Print.Google Scholar
Marchionini, G. (1995). Information-seeking in Electronic Environments. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.Google Scholar
Marchionini, G. (2007). Find What You Need, Understand What You Find. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction 23(3), pp. 205–237.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maxwell, Tamsin, and Schafer, Burkhard. “Natural Language Processing and Query Expansion in Legal Information Retrieval: Challenges and a Response”. International Review of Law, Computers & Technology 24.1 (2010): 63–72. Print.Google Scholar
Milles, James G. “Redefining Open Access for the Legal Information Market”. Law Library Journal 98.4 (2006): 619–37. Print.Google Scholar
Punjab and Haryana. Get into e-filling, March 2, 2013 http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-03-02/india/37389475_1_high-court-pen-drive-hc-administrationGoogle Scholar
Rhodes, Sarah, and Neacsu, Dana. “Preserving and Ensuring Long-Term Access to Digitally Born Legal Information”. Information & Communications Technology Law 18.1 (2009): 39–74. Print.Google Scholar
Slade, Michael and Smith, William. “CONCORD: the development of a free- text retrieval system for microcomputers and its use in legal education.” Program 20:3 (1986): 289–300. Print.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sutcliffe, A. & Ennis, M. (1998). Towards a Cognitive Theory of Information Retrieval. Interacting with Computers, 10, pp. 321–351.Google Scholar
Visser, P.R.S., and Bench-Capon, T.J.M. (1996). On the Reusability of Ontologies in Knowledge System Design, Seventh International Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA’96), Zurich, Switzerland, pp.256–261.Google Scholar
Visser, P.R.S. and Bench-Capon, T.J.M. (1997). A Comparison of Four Ontologies for the Design of Legal Knowledge-Systems, Artificial Intelligence and Law, special issue after JURIX'96 (to appear).Google Scholar
Volokh, Eugene. “Computer Media for the Legal Profession.” Online Legal Resources, 94(1986): 2058–2087. Print.Google Scholar
Yates, Kenneth A., and Shapiro, Charles E.. (2010). “Establishing a sustainable legal information system in a developing country: A practical guide.” The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries 42, 1–10. Print.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Useful websites

http://www.indiacode.nic.inGoogle Scholar
http://www.indiankanoon.orgGoogle Scholar
http://www.wikipaedia.comGoogle Scholar
http://www.supremecourtofindia.nic.in/ecommittee.htmlGoogle Scholar
http://delhicourts.nic.in/ICT%20IN%20THE%20DISTRICT%20COURTS.pdfGoogle Scholar
www.bhu.ac.in/mmak/resent_article/JusticeKatjusLec.pdfGoogle Scholar
http://www.barcouncilofindia.org/about/about-the-legal-profession/legal-education-in-the-united-kingdom/Google Scholar