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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 October 2008
1. Let r(n) be the number of representations of n as a sum of two squares, d(n) the number of divisors of n, and
where γ is Euler's constant. Thus P(x) is the error term in the problem of the lattice points of a circle, and Δ(x) the error term in Dirichlet's divisor problem, or the problem of the lattice points of a rectangular hyperbola.