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The Kaalijärv meteorite from the Estonian Craters

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 March 2018

L. J. Spencer
L. J. Spencer*
Affiliation:
British Museum
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Extract

Kaalijärv is a crater-lake on the estate Kaali (järv = lake in the Estonian language) at 58°24′N., 22°40′E. Known in German as Sall, this locality is 20km. NE. of Arensburg (= Kuresaare) on the Baltic island of Oesel (= Saaremaa). On the level agricultural country a thickly wooded knoll 6–7 metres high is seen. Inside there is a crater 15½ m. in depth, the circular rim of which measures 92–110 m. across. The lake at the bottom is about 60 m. across. The rock of the district is horizontally bedded Silurian dolomite with a covering of glacial deposits. The rim of the crater consists of fragmentary materials, and the steeper inner slopes show the beds of dolomite dipping outwards as a dome at angles of 30–40°. Near by, on an area of ¾ sq. km., are five other smaller craters similar in character, and at least three other depressions that have been filled with stones collected from the tilled fields.

Type
Research Article
Information
Mineralogical magazine and journal of the Mineralogical Society , Volume 25 , Issue 161 , June 1938 , pp. 75 - 80
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1938

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References

page 75 note 1 von Linstow, O., Der Krater von Sall auf Oesel. Centr. Min., 1919, pp. 326–339.Google Scholar

page 76 note 1 Kalkun, J. [= J. Kaljuvee], [Üdine geoloogia. Tallinn, 1922, p. 101]Google Scholar quoted by I. Reinwaldt, loc. cit., 1928; Kaljuvee, J., Die Grossprobleme der Geologie. Tallinn, 1933, pp. 102–108. [M.A. 5–410.]Google Scholar

page 76 note 2 Reinwaldt, I., Bericht über geologische Untersuchungen am Kaalijärv (Krater von Sall) auf Ösel. Mit Beiträgen von A. Luha. Sitzungsber. Naturfors. Gesell.Univ. Tartu, 1928, vol. 35, pp. 30–70, 8 pls. ; separate as Publ. Geol. Inst. Univ. Tartu, 1928, no. 11, 42 pp., 8 pls. [M.A. 5–17.]Google Scholar

page 76 note 3 Reiuvaldt, J. A., Kaali järv—the meteorite craters on the island of Ösel (Estonia). Ibid,, 1933, vol. 39 (for 1932), pp. 1–20, 3 pls.; separate, ibid., 1933, no. 30, 20 pp., 3 pls. [M.A. 5–301.]Google Scholar

page 76 note 4 Kraus, E., Meyer, R., and Wegener, A., Untersuchungen über den Krater von Sall auf Ösel. Gerlands Beitr. Geophysik, 1928, vol. 20, pp. 312–378, 1 pl., 10 text-figs., pp. 428–429. [M.A. 5–17.]Google Scholar

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page 76 note 9 A similar explanation is given for the absence of meteoritic iron in India (as contrasted with America and Australia). Of the lll recorded Indian meteorites only one is a found iron.

page 77 note 1 Brief mention of this discovery has been made by I. A. Reinwald, Der Krater yon Sall (Kaali järv)—ein Meteorkrater-Feld in Estland. Natur und Volk, Bet. Senckenb. Naturfor. Gesell., Frankfurt am Main, 1938, vol. 68, pp. 16–24, 7 figs. [M.A. 7–73.]

page 77 note 2 Rock specimens from the craters were presented to the British Museum by Mr. Reinvald in 1932.

page 77 note 3 A similar secondary deposit of calcium carbonate is seen on the iron-shale of the Hoba (South-West Africa) meteorite which had luin in surfuee limestone ( Spencer, L. J., Min. Mag., 1932, vol 23, p. 7 Google Scholar). It is clearly not the result of the welding of cosmic and telluric material at the time the meteorite fell, as suggested by P. Range and R. Schreiter (1931). [M.A. 5–11.]

page 78 note 1 Prior, G. T., Min. Mag., 1914, vol. 17, p. 131, pl. VI, figs. 2 and 3.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 78 note 2 Spencer, L. J., Min. Mag., 1933, vol. 23, p. 230, pl. xiv, fig. 8.Google Scholar