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Quantifying the Kinetics of Crystal Growth by Oriented Aggregation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Nathan D. Burrows ,
Virany M. Yuwono  and
R. Lee Penn
Nathan D. Burrows
Affiliation:
University of Minnesota, N12, 139 Smith Hall, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; tel. 612-625-3098; and e-mail burro066@umn.edu.
Virany M. Yuwono
Affiliation:
University of Minnesota, N12, 139 Smith Hall, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; tel. 612-625-3098; and e-mail burro066@umn.edu.
R. Lee Penn
Affiliation:
University of Minnesota, N12, 139 Smith Hall, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; tel. 612-625-3098; and e-mail burro066@umn.edu.
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Abstract

Oriented aggregation is a nonclassical crystal growth mechanism resulting in new secondary particles composed of crystallographically aligned primary crystallites. These secondary crystals often have unique and symmetry-defying morphologies, can be twinned, and can contain stacking faults and other significant defects. A wide range of materials, such as titanium dioxide, iron oxides, selenides and sulfides, and metal oxyhydroxides, are known to grow by oriented aggregation under certain conditions. Evidence for oriented aggregation also has been observed in natural materials. Over the last decade, reports of this crystal growth mechanism have appeared with increasing frequency in the scientific literature. The development of kinetic models aimed at improving our fundamental understanding as well as facilitating purposeful control over size, size distribution, and shape has ranged from simple dimer formation models to polymeric models and population balance models. These models have enabled detection and characterization of crystal growth by oriented aggregation using methods such as small-angle x-ray scattering, among others, in addition to transmission electron microscopy. As our fundamental understanding of oriented aggregation improves, novel and complex functional materials are expected to emerge. This article presents a summary of some recent results, methods, and models for characterizing crystal growth by oriented aggregation.

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Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Bulletin , Volume 35 , Issue 2: Lessons from Nature—Biomimetic Approaches to Minerals with Complex Structures , February 2010 , pp. 133 - 137
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2010

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