Hostname: page-component-89b8bd64d-mmrw7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-05-08T21:26:00.076Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Quantum computing based on semiconductor nanowires

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 October 2013

Sergey M. Frolov ,
Sébastien R. Plissard ,
Stevan Nadj-Perge ,
Leo P. Kouwenhoven  and
Erik P.A.M. Bakkers
Sergey M. Frolov
Affiliation:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh;frolovsm@pitt.edu
Sébastien R. Plissard
Affiliation:
Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Department of Applied Physics, The Netherlands;s.r.plissard@tue.nl
Stevan Nadj-Perge
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, Princeton University;snadj@princeton.edu
Leo P. Kouwenhoven
Affiliation:
Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands;l.p.kouwenhoven@tudelft.nl
Erik P.A.M. Bakkers
Affiliation:
Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Department of Applied Physics, The Netherlands;e.p.a.m.bakkers@tue.nl
Get access

Abstract

A quantum computer will have computational power beyond that of conventional computers, which can be exploited for solving important and complex problems, such as predicting the conformations of large biological molecules. Materials play a major role in this emerging technology, as they can enable sophisticated operations, such as control over single degrees of freedom and their quantum states, as well as preservation and coherent transfer of these states between distant nodes. Here we assess the potential of semiconductor nanowires grown from the bottom-up as a materials platform for a quantum computer. We review recent experiments in which small bandgap nanowires are used to manipulate single spins in quantum dots and experiments on Majorana fermions, which are quasiparticles relevant for topological quantum computing.

Keywords

III-Velectronic materialsemiconductingvapor phase epitaxy (VPE)crystal growth

Information

Type
Materials issues for quantum computation
Information
MRS Bulletin , Volume 38 , Issue 10: Materials issues for quantum computation , October 2013 , pp. 809 - 815
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Hanson, R., Kouwenhoven, L.P., Petta, J.R., Tarucha, S., Vandersypen, L.M.K., Rev. Mod. Phys. 79 (4), 1217 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Petta, J.R., Johnson, A.C., Taylor, J.M., Laird, E.A., Yacoby, A., Lukin, M.D., Marcus, C.M., Hanson, M.P., Gossard, A.C., Science 309 (5744), 2180 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koppens, F.H.L., Buizert, C., Tielrooij, K.J., Vink, I.T., Nowack, K.C., Meunier, T., Kouwenhoven, L.P., Vandersypen, L.M.K., Nature 442 (7104), 766 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Petersson, K.D., Petta, J.R., Lu, H., Gossard, A.C., Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 (24), 246804 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shulman, M.D., Dial, O.E., Harvey, S.P., Bluhm, H., Umansky, V., Yacoby, A., Science 336 (6078), 202 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maune, B.M., Borselli, M.G., Huang, B., Ladd, T.D., Deelman, P.W., Holabird, K.S., Kiselev, A.A., Alvarado-Rodriguez, I., Ross, R.S., Schmitz, A.E., Sokolich, M., Watson, C.A., Gyure, M.F., Hunter, A.T., Nature 481 (7381), 344 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nadj-Perge, S., Frolov, S.M., Bakkers, E.P.A.M., Kouwenhoven, L.P., Nature 468 (7327), 1084 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mourik, V., Zuo, K., Frolov, S.M., Plissard, S.R., Bakkers, E.P.A.M., Kouwenhoven, L.P., Science 336 (6084), 1003 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wu, Y.Y., Fan, R., Yang, P.D., Nano Lett. 2 (2), 83 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Björk, M.T., Ohlsson, B.J., Sass, T., Persson, A.I., Thelander, C., Magnusson, M.H., Deppert, K., Wallenberg, L.R., Samuelson, L., Nano Lett. 2 (2), 87 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Borgström, M.T., Zwiller, V., Müller, E., Imamoglu, A., Nano Lett. 5 (7), 1439 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ristić, J., Calleja, E., Sánchez-Garcia, M.A., Ulloa, J.M., Sánchez-Páramo, J., Calleja, J.M., Jahn, U., Trampert, A., Ploog, K.H., Phys. Rev. B 68 (12), 125305 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tribu, A., Sallen, G., Aichele, T., André, R., Poizat, J.P., Bougerol, C., Tatarenko, S., Kheng, K., Nano Lett. 8 (12), 4326 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hocevar, M., Immink, G., Verheijen, M., Akopian, N., Zwiller, V., Kouwenhoven, L.P., Bakkers, E.P.A.M., Nat. Commun. 3, 1266 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fasth, C., Fuhrer, A., Björk, M.T., Samuelson, L., Nano Lett. 5 (7), 1487 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hu, Y.J., Churchill, H.O.H., Reilly, D.J., Xiang, J., Lieber, C.M., Marcus, C.M., Nat. Nanotechnol. 2 (10), 622 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Petersson, K.D., McFaul, L.W., Schroer, M.D., Jung, M., Taylor, J.M., Houck, A.A., Petta, J.R., Nature 490 (7420), 380 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Minot, E.D., Kelkensberg, F., van Kouwen, M., van Dam, J.A., Kouwenhoven, L.P., Zwiller, V., Borgström, M.T., Wunnicke, O., Verheijen, M.A., Bakkers, E.P.A.M., Nano Lett. 7 (2), 367 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reimer, M.E., Bulgarini, G., Akopian, H., Hocevar, M., Bavinck, M.B., Verheijen, M.A., Bakkers, E.P.A.M., Kouwenhoven, L.P., Zwiller, V., Nat. Commun. 3, 737 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wagner, R.S., Ellis, W.C., Appl. Phys. Lett. 4 (5), 89 (1964).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gudiksen, M.S., Lauhon, L.J., Wang, J., Smith, D.C., Lieber, C.M., Nature 415 (6872), 617 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuykendall, T., Ulrich, P., Aloni, S., Yang, P., Nat. Mater. 6 (12), 951 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Björk, M.T., Thelander, C., Hansen, A.E., Jensen, L.E., Larsson, M.W., Wallenberg, L.R., Samuelson, L., Nano Lett. 4 (9), 1621 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Algra, R.E., Verheijen, M.A., Borgstrom, M.T., Feiner, L.F., Immink, G., van Enckevort, W.J.P., Vlieg, E., Bakkers, E.P.A.M., Nature 456 (7220), 369 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Caroff, P., Dick, K.A., Johansson, J., Messing, M.E., Deppert, K., Samuelson, L., Nat. Nanotechnol. 4 (1), 50 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Joyce, H.J., Wong-Leung, J., Gao, Q., Tan, H.H., Jagadish, C., Nano Lett. 10 (3), 908 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fontcuberta i Morral, A., Arbiol, J., Prades, J.D., Cirera, A., Morante, J.R., Adv. Mater. 19 (10), 1347 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spirkoska, D., Arbiol, J., Gustafsson, A., Conesa-Boj, S., Glas, F., Zardo, I., Heigoldt, M., Gass, M.H., Bleloch, A.L., Estrade, S., Kaniber, M., Rossler, J., Peiro, F., Morante, J.R., Abstreiter, G., Samuelson, L., Fontcuberta i Morral, A., Phys. Rev. B 80 (24), 245325 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Akopian, N., Patriarche, G., Liu, L., Harmand, J.C., Zwiller, V., Nano Lett. 10 (4), 1198 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
www.ioffe.rssi.ru/SVA/NSM/Semicond.Google Scholar
Caroff, P., Messing, M.E., Borg, B.M., Dick, K.A., Deppert, K., Wernersson, L.E., Nanotechnology 20, 495606 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lugani, L., Ercolani, D., Rossi, F., Salviati, G., Beltram, F., Sorba, L., Cryst. Growth Des. 10 (9), 4038 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vogel, A.T., de Boor, J., Wittemann, J.V., Mensah, S.L., Werner, P., Schmidt, V., Cryst. Growth Des. 11 (5), 1896 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Plissard, S.R., Slapak, D.R., Verheijen, M.A., Hocevar, M., Immink, G.W.G., van Weperen, I., Nadj-Perge, S., Frolov, S.M., Kouwenhoven, L.P., Bakkers, E.P.A.M., Nano Lett. 12 (4), 1794 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Assali, S., Zardo, I., Plissard, S., Kriegner, D., Verheijen, M.A., Bauer, G., Meijerink, A., Belabbes, A., Bechstedt, F., Haverkort, J.E.M., Bakkers, E.P.A.M., Nano Lett. 13 (4), 1559 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Minamisawa, R.A., Suess, M.J., Spolenak, R., Faist, J., David, C., Gobrecht, J., Bourdelle, K.K., Sigg, H., Nat. Commun. 3, 1096 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shtrikman, H., Popovitz-Biro, R., Kretinin, A., Houben, L., Heiblum, M., Bukala, M., Galicka, M., Buczko, R., Kacman, P., Nano Lett. 9 (4), 1506 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yeh, C.Y., Wei, S.H., Zunger, A., Phys. Rev. B 50 (4), 2715 (1994).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De, A., Pryor, C.E., Phys. Rev. B 81 (15), 155210 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Belabbes, A., Panse, C., Furthmüller, J., Bechstedt, F., Phys. Rev. B 86 (7), 075208 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Tilburg, J.W.W., Algra, R.E., Immink, W.G.G., Verheijen, M., Bakkers, E.P.A.M., Kouwenhoven, L.P., Semicond. Sci. Technol. 25 (2), 024011 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Weperen, I., Plissard, S.R., Bakkers, E.P.A.M., Frolov, S.M., Kouwenhoven, L.P., Nano Lett. 13 (2), 387 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Loss, D., DiVincenzo, D.P., Phys. Rev. A 57 (1), 120 (1998).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nadj-Perge, S., Frolov, S.M., van Tilburg, J.W.W., Danon, J., Nazarov, Y.V., Algra, R., Bakkers, E.P.A.M., Kouwenhoven, L.P., Phys. Rev. B 81 (20), 201305 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ono, K., Austing, D.G., Tokura, Y., Tarucha, S., Science 297 (5585), 1313 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pfund, A., Shorubalko, I., Ensslin, K., Leturcq, R., Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 (3), 036801 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nowack, K.C., Koppens, F.H.L., Nazarov, Y.V., Vandersypen, L.M.K., Science 318 (5855), 1430 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van den Berg, J.W.G., Nadj-Perge, S., Pribiag, V.S., Plissard, S.R., Bakkers, E.P.A.M., Frolov, S.M., Kouwenhoven, L.P., Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 (6), 066806 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schroer, M.D., Petersson, K.D., Jung, M., Petta, J.R., Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 (17), 176811 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koppens, F.H.L., Folk, J.A., Elzerman, J.M., Hanson, R., van Beveren, L.H.W., Vink, I.T., Tranitz, H.P., Wegscheider, W., Kouwenhoven, L.P., Vandersypen, L.M.K., Science 309 (5739), 1346 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koppens, F.H.L., Nowack, K.C., Vandersypen, L.M.K., Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 (23), 236802 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bluhm, H., Foletti, S., Neder, I., Rudner, M., Mahalu, D., Umansky, V., Yacoby, A., Nat. Phys. 7 (2), 109 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vink, I.T., Nowack, K.C., Koppens, F.H.L., Danon, J., Nazarov, Y.V., Vandersypen, L.M.K., Nat. Phys. 5 (10), 764 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foletti, S., Bluhm, H., Mahalu, D., Umansky, V., Yacoby, A., Nat. Phys. 5 (12), 903 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frolov, S.M., Danon, J., Nadj-Perge, S., Zuo, K., van Tilburg, J.W.W., Pribiag, V.S., van den Berg, J.W.G., Bakkers, E.P.A.M., Kouwenhoven, L.P., Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 (23), 236805 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Greve, K., McMahon, P.L., Press, D., Ladd, T.D., Bisping, D., Schneider, C., Kamp, M., Worschech, L., Höfling, S., Forchel, A., Yamamoto, Y., Nat. Phys. 7 (11), 872 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pribiag, V.S., Nadj-Perge, S., Frolov, S.M., van den Berg, J.W.G., van Weperen, I., Plissard, S.R., Bakkers, E.P.A.M., Kouwenhoven, L.P., Nat. Nanotechnol. 8 (3), 170 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morello, A., Pla, J.J., Zwanenburg, F.A., Chan, K.W., Tan, K.Y., Huebl, H., Möttönen, M., Nugroho, C.D., Yang, C., van Donkelaar, J.A., Alves, A.D.C., Jamieson, D.N., Escott, C.C., Hollenberg, L.C.L., Clark, R.G., Dzurak, A.S., Nature 467 (7316), 687 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xiang, J., Vidan, A., Tinkham, M., Westervelt, R.M., Lieber, C.M., Nat. Nanotechnol. 1 (3), 208 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xiang, J., Lu, W., Hu, Y.J., Wu, Y., Yan, H., Lieber, C.M., Nature 441 (7092), 489 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lu, W., Xiang, J., Timko, B.P., Wu, Y., Lieber, C.M., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102 (29), 10046 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hu, Y.J., Kuemmeth, F., Lieber, C.M., Marcus, C.M., Nat. Nanotechnol. 7 (1), 47 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kloeffel, C., Trif, M., Loss, D., Phys. Rev. B 84 (19), 195314 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stern, A., Lindner, N.H., Science 339 (6124), 1179 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilczek, F., Nat. Phys. 5 (9), 614 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nayak, C., Simon, S.H., Stern, A., Freedman, M., Das Sarma, S., Rev. Mod. Phys. 80 (3), 1083 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ivanov, D.A., Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 (2), 268 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fu, L., Kane, C.L., Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 (9), 096407 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kitaev, A.Y., Phys. Usp. 44, 131 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lutchyn, R.M., Sau, J.D., Das Sarma, S., Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 (7), 077001 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oreg, Y., Refael, G., von Oppen, F., Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 (17), 177002 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nadj-Perge, S., Pribiag, V.S., van den Berg, J.W.G., Zuo, K., Plissard, S.R., Bakkers, E.P.A.M., Frolov, S.M., Kouwenhoven, L.P., Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 (16), 166801 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nilsson, H.A., Caroff, P., Thelander, C., Larsson, M., Wagner, J.B., Wernersson, L.E., Samuelson, L., Xu, H.Q., Nano Lett. 9 (9), 3151 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nilsson, H.A., Samuelsson, P., Caroff, P., Xu, H.Q., Nano Lett. 12 (1), 228 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deng, M.T., Yu, C.L., Huang, G.Y., Larsson, M., Caroff, P., Xu, H.Q., Nano Lett. 12 (12), 6414 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Das, A., Ronen, Y., Most, Y., Oreg, Y., Heiblum, M., Shtrikman, H., Nat. Phys. 8 (12), 887 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Finck, A.D.K., Van Harlingen, D.J., Mohseni, P.K., Jung, K., Li, X., Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 (12), 126406 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Read, N., Green, D., Phys. Rev. B 61 (15), 10267 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greene, S.K., Singleton, J., Sobkowicz, P., Golding, T.D., Pepper, M., Perenboom, J.A.A.J., Dinan, J., Semicond. Sci. Technol. 7 (11), 1377 (1992).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alicea, J., Oreg, Y., Refael, G., von Oppen, F., Fisher, M.P.A., Nat. Phys. 7 (5), 412 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dalacu, D., Kam, A., Austing, D.G., Poole, P.J., Nano Lett. 13 (6), 2676 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar