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The Materials Science of Bone: Lessons from Nature for Biomimetic Materials Synthesis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Michelle L. Oyen
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Abstract

There has been considerable recent interest in natural bone as a material, due in part to its interesting combination of mechanical properties: bone is stiff and tough but lightweight. This unusual combination of properties results from a nanocomposite structure of approximately equal volumes of mineral and hydrated organic matter. Much recent effort has been focused on the structure, properties, and performance at different length scales relative to the hierarchical organization of bone. Historically, such bone research has emphasized clinical and medical aspects, including engineering materials for bone augmentation or replacement, bone–biomaterial interactions and interfaces, and more recently, scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. However, within the fast-growing biomimetics field, the bone extracellular matrix is taken as a model for materials development. Efforts have been made both to mimic the bony material itself as well as to mimic the process by which bone forms.

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Research Article
Information
MRS Bulletin , Volume 33 , Issue 1: Advancing Materials and Technologies for Water Purification , January 2008 , pp. 49 - 55
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2008

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