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Development of Ultrahigh Surface Area Porous Electrodes using Simultaneous and Sequential Meso- and Micro-structuring Methods

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 March 2011

Franchessa Maddox ,
Catherine Cook ,
Leigh McKenzie ,
Brenda O'Neil ,
Elizabeth A. Junkin ,
Christopher Redden ,
Soumen Basu ,
Martin G. Bakker ,
Jan-Henrik Småtts  and
Mika Lindén
Franchessa Maddox
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0336, U.S.A.
Catherine Cook
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0336, U.S.A. Center for Materials for Information Technology, The University of Alabama, Box 870209 Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0209, U.S.A.
Leigh McKenzie
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0336, U.S.A. Center for Materials for Information Technology, The University of Alabama, Box 870209 Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0209, U.S.A.
Brenda O'Neil
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0336, U.S.A. Center for Materials for Information Technology, The University of Alabama, Box 870209 Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0209, U.S.A.
Elizabeth A. Junkin
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0336, U.S.A.
Christopher Redden
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0336, U.S.A. Center for Materials for Information Technology, The University of Alabama, Box 870209 Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0209, U.S.A.
Soumen Basu
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0336, U.S.A.
Martin G. Bakker
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0336, U.S.A. Center for Materials for Information Technology, The University of Alabama, Box 870209 Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0209, U.S.A.
Jan-Henrik Småtts
Affiliation:
Department of Physical Chemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
Mika Lindén
Affiliation:
Department of Physical Chemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
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Abstract

Very high surface area nanostructured metal electrodes are of interest as efficient current collectors. For thin film devices, the nanostructured metal can be grown in place using electrodeposition or electroless deposition. For larger devices metal electrodes structured at more than one length scale are desirable. Self-assembling surfactant templates are a versatile method of generating a range of nanostructures. As we report here, electrodeposition of nickel, cobalt and copper from liquid crystalline solutions of Triton X-100 produces a number of nanostructures, with significant surface area increases. Electrodeposition into templates with microstructure has proven more demanding. Oil-in-water Microemulsions of Tween surfactants and soy oil, produce micrometer scale structures, however measured nickel surface area does not scale with sample thickness. The method is also not robust, and was found to give microstructures only for nickel and cobalt. Experiments show that under our conditions a combination of nickel metal, nickel acetate and nickel/detergent microstructures are formed.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 1127: Symposium T – Mobile Energy , 2008 , 1127-T04-08
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2009

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References

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