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Experimental demonstration of negative refraction and subwavelength imaging by left-handed composite metamaterials

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 February 2011

Ekmel Ozbay ,
Koray Aydin ,
Gonca Ozkan  and
Irfan Bulu
Ekmel Ozbay
Affiliation:
ozbay@bilkent.edu.tr, Bilkent University, Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent, Ankara, N/A, 06800, Turkey, 90-312-290-1966
Koray Aydin
Affiliation:
aydin@fen.bilkent.edu.tr, Bilkent University, Department of Physics, Bilkent, Ankara, N/A, 06800, Turkey
Gonca Ozkan
Affiliation:
gozkan@fen.bilkent.edu.tr, Bilkent University, Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent, Ankara, N/A, 06800, Turkey
Irfan Bulu
Affiliation:
irfan@fen.bilkent.edu.tr, Bilkent University, Department of Physics, Bilkent, Ankara, N/A, 06800, Turkey
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Abstract

We report a true left-handed (LH) behavior and focusing in a composite metamaterial consisting of periodically arranged split ring resonator (SRR) and wire structures. The magnetic resonance of the SRR structure is demonstrated by comparing the transmission spectra of SRRs with that of closed SRRs. We confirmed experimentally that the effective plasma frequency of the LH material composed of SRRs and wires is lower than the plasma frequency of the wires. A well-defined left-handed transmission band with a peak value of -1.2 dB (–0.3 dB/cm) is obtained. We also report the transmission characteristics of a 2D composite metamaterial (CMM) structure in free space. At the frequencies where left-handed transmission takes place, we experimentally confirmed that the CMM structure has effective negative refractive index. Phase shift between consecutive numbers of layers of CMM is measured and phase velocity is shown to be negative at the relevant frequency range. Refractive index values obtained from the refraction experiments and the phase measurements are in good agreement and the experimental results agree extremely well with the theoretical calculations. By measuring the refracted electromagnetic (EM) waves from a LHM slab, we found an effective refractive index of -1.86. A 2D scanning transmission measurement technique was used to measure the intensity distribution of the electromagnetic (EM) waves that radiate from the point source. The flat lens behavior of a 2D CMM slab was demonstrated for two different point source distances of ds = 0.5ë and ë. The full width at half maximum of the focused beams is 0.36ë and 0.4ë, respectively, which are both below the diffraction limit.

Keywords

optical propertiesnanoscaleoptoelectronic
Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 919: Symposium J – Negative Index Materials – From Microwave to Optical , 2006 , 0919-J03-06
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2006

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