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Stability and Structural Transition of Gold Nanowires under Their Own Surface Stresses

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 February 2011

Ken Gall ,
Michael Haftel ,
Jiankuai Diao ,
Martin L. Dunn ,
Noam Bernstein  and
Michael J. Mehl
Ken Gall
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder Boulder, CO 80309.
Michael Haftel
Affiliation:
Center for Computational Materials Science, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375
Jiankuai Diao*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder Boulder, CO 80309.
Martin L. Dunn
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder Boulder, CO 80309.
Noam Bernstein
Affiliation:
Center for Computational Materials Science, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375
Michael J. Mehl
Affiliation:
Center for Computational Materials Science, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375
*
* E-mail address: diao@colorado.edu.
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Abstract

First-principle, tight binding, and semi-empirical embedded atom calculations are used to investigate a tetragonal phase transformation in gold nanowires. As wire diameter is decreased, tight binding and modified embedded atom simulations predict a surface-stress-induced phase transformation from a face-centered-cubic (fcc) <100> nanowire into a body-centered-tetragonal (bct) nanowire. In bulk gold, all theoretical approaches predict a local energy minimum at the bct phase, but tight binding and first principle calculations predict elastic instability of the bulk bct phase. The predicted existence of the stable bct phase in the nanowires is thus attributed to constraint from surface stresses. The results demonstrate that surface stresses are theoretically capable of inducing phase transformation and subsequent phase stability in nanometer scale metallic wires under appropriate conditions.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 854: Symposium U – Stability of Thin Films and Nanostructures , 2004 , U5.7
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2005

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References

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