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Subaerial terminoglacial fans III: overview of sedimentary characteristics and depositional model

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 April 2016

T. Zieliński  and
A.J. van Loon
A.J. van Loon
Affiliation:
Geocom, P.O. Box 336, 6860 AH Oosterbeek, the Netherlands; e-mail: geocom@wxs.nl
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Abstract

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A general model is presented for the small type of fans (not to be confused with sandurs) that develop subaerially in the zone immediately before an ice front. These fans have in common with other fans that a proximal, a middle and a distal subenvironment– with distinctly different sedimentary facies– can be distinguished. The characteristics of these fans differ in several respects, however, from those formed under other conditions, particularly by the high proportion of mass-flow deposits in the proximal part, by the relative scarcity of fine particles in the middle fan, and by the relatively uniform character of the sediments in the distal fan.

The special character of this type of fan is ascribed to the interaction of a continuously changing distance between the ice front and the fan (as a result of alternating phases of ice advance and ice retreat), its position that may be surrounded by ice for a large part, and the irregular supply of debris-laden meltwater that comes sometimes even in the form of more or less catastrophic floods.

Due to the fact that terminoglacial fans have a good preservation potential only during phases of ice retreat, these fas tend to show a slight fining-upward tendency. The slope of terminoglacial fans tends to be more gentle (rarely over 2–5°) than that of fans formed under different conditions.

Keywords

depositional modelfacies analysisglacial fanPolandterminoglacial zoneWeichselian
Type
Research Article
Information
Netherlands Journal of Geosciences , Volume 79 , Issue 1 , March 2000 , pp. 93 - 107
Copyright
Copyright © Stichting Netherlands Journal of Geosciences 2000

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