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The phylogeny of invertebrates and the evolution of myelin

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 June 2009

Betty I. Roots
Betty I. Roots*
Affiliation:
Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Betty I. Roots, Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G5, Canada phone: 416 486 9950 e-mail: betty.roots@utoronto.ca
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Abstract

Current concepts of invertebrate phylogeny are reviewed. Annelida and Arthropoda, previously regarded as closely related, are now placed in separate clades. Myelin, a sheath of multiple layers of membranes around nerve axons, is found in members of the Annelida, Arthropoda and Chordata. The structure, composition and function of the sheaths in Annelida and Arthropoda are examined and evidence for the separate evolutionary origins of myelin in the three clades is presented. That myelin has arisen independently at least three times, namely in Annelids, Arthropodas and Chordates, provides a remarkable example of convergent evolution.

Keywords

Evolutioninvertebratesmyelinphylogeny
Type
Research Article
Information
Neuron Glia Biology , Volume 4 , Issue 2 , May 2008 , pp. 101 - 109
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

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