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Theory-driven role model stories improve palliative care knowledge among a diverse older population

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 June 2020

Deborah F. Hoe Open the ORCID record for Deborah F. Hoe [Opens in a new window] ,
Kayla Johari ,
Anna Rahman  and
Susan Enguidanos
Deborah F. Hoe*
Affiliation:
Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
Kayla Johari
Affiliation:
Dana and David Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
Anna Rahman
Affiliation:
Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
Susan Enguidanos
Affiliation:
Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
*
Author for correspondence: Deborah F. Hoe, University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, 3715 McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA. E-mail: dhoe@usc.edu
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Abstract

Objective

To test the effectiveness of theoretically driven role model video stories in improving knowledge of palliative care among a diverse sample of older adults.

Method

We developed three 3–4 min long theoretically driven role model video stories. We then recruited cognitively intact, English-speaking adults aged 50 and older from senior centers, assisted living, and other community-based sites in the greater Los Angeles area. Using a pretest–posttest study design, we surveyed participants using the 13-item Palliative Care Knowledge Scale (PaCKS) and also asked participants about their intentions to enroll in palliative care should the need arise. Participants first completed the pretest, viewed the three videos, then completed the posttest comprised of the same set of questions.

Results

PaCKS score improved from an average of 4.5 at baseline to 10.0 following video screening (t(126) = 12.0, p < 0.001). Intentions to enroll oneself or a family member in palliative care rose by 103% (χ2 = 7.8, p < 0.01) and 110% (χ2 = 7.5, p < 0.01), respectively. Regression analysis revealed that participants who believed the role models are real people (β = 2.6, SE = 1.2, p < 0.05) significantly predicted higher change in PaCKS score. Conversely, participants with prior knowledge of, or experience with, palliative care (β = −5.9, SE = 0.8, p < 0.001), non-whites (β = −3.6, SE = 0.9, p < 0.001), and widows (β = −2.9, SE = 1.1, p < 0.01) significantly predicted lower changes in PaCKS score.

Significance of results

This study suggests that theoretically driven role model video stories may be an effective strategy to improve palliative care knowledge. Role model video stories of diverse palliative care patients provide one way to mitigate health literacy barriers to palliative care knowledge.

Keywords

Health literacyOlder adultsPalliative carePalliative care knowledge
Type
Original Article
Information
Palliative & Supportive Care , Volume 19 , Issue 1 , February 2021 , pp. 34 - 40
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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