Skip to main content

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
Cancel
×
×
Home
  • Home
Article
  • Cited by 100
  • Cited by
    Crossref Citations
    Crossref logo
    This article has been cited by the following publications. This list is generated based on data provided by CrossRef.
    Lidén, Gustav 2018. International E-Government Development. p. 215.

    Ekström, Mats and Shehata, Adam 2018. Social media, porous boundaries, and the development of online political engagement among young citizens. New Media & Society, Vol. 20, Issue. 2, p. 740.

    Darwin, Helana 2018. Omnivorous Masculinity: Gender Capital and Cultural Legitimacy in Craft Beer Culture. Social Currents, p. 232949651774833.

    Schradie, Jen 2018. The Digital Activism Gap: How Class and Costs Shape Online Collective Action. Social Problems, Vol. 65, Issue. 1, p. 51.

    Collins, Neil and Bekenova, Kristina 2018. Digital diplomacy: success at your fingertips. Place Branding and Public Diplomacy,

    Kahne, Joseph and Bowyer, Benjamin 2018. The Political Significance of Social Media Activity and Social Networks. Political Communication, p. 1.

    Chabanet, Didier Cinalli, Manlio Muxel, Anne Van Hauwaert, Steven M. and Vedel, Thierry 2018. Citizens and the Crisis. p. 115.
    Ceron, Andrea 2017. Social Media and Political Accountability. p. 1.

    Zheng, Yueping and Schachter, Hindy Lauer 2017. Explaining Citizens’ E-Participation Use: the Role of Perceived Advantages. Public Organization Review, Vol. 17, Issue. 3, p. 409.

    Elliott, Thomas Earl, Jennifer and Maher, Thomas V. 2017. Non-State Violent Actors and Social Movement Organizations. Vol. 41, Issue. , p. 279.

    Leyva, Rodolfo 2017. Exploring UK Millennials’ Social Media Consumption Patterns and Participation in Elections, Activism, and “Slacktivism”. Social Science Computer Review, Vol. 35, Issue. 4, p. 462.

    Barnidge, Matthew Gil de Zúñiga, Homero and Diehl, Trevor 2017. Second Screening and Political Persuasion on Social Media. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, Vol. 61, Issue. 2, p. 309.

    Vromen, Ariadne 2017. Digital Citizenship and Political Engagement. p. 51.

    Kalogeropoulos, Antonis Negredo, Samuel Picone, Ike and Nielsen, Rasmus Kleis 2017. Who Shares and Comments on News?: A Cross-National Comparative Analysis of Online and Social Media Participation. Social Media + Society, Vol. 3, Issue. 4, p. 205630511773575.

    Strandberg, Kim and Carlson, Tom 2017. Expanding the Online Political Demos but Maintaining the Status Quo? Internet and Social Media Use by Finnish Voters Prior to Elections, 2003-15. Scandinavian Political Studies, Vol. 40, Issue. 1, p. 82.

    De Marco, Stefano Robles, Jose Manuel and Antino, Mirko 2017. Reasons to Participate: The Role of Political Attitudes in Digital Activism. International Review of Social Psychology, Vol. 30, Issue. 1, p. 131.

    Wagner, Kevin M. Gray, Tricia J. and Gainous, Jason 2017. Digital information consumption and external political efficacy in Latin America: Does institutional context matter?. Journal of Information Technology & Politics, Vol. 14, Issue. 3, p. 277.

    Ma, Liang and Zheng, Yueping 2017. Does e-government performance actually boost citizen use? Evidence from European countries. Public Management Review, p. 1.

    Büchi, Moritz and Vogler, Florian 2017. Testing a Digital Inequality Model for Online Political Participation. Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World, Vol. 3, p. 237802311773390.

    Santana, Rosane Soares 2017. Participação política online e offline nas eleições presidenciais de 2014 em Salvador. Intercom: Revista Brasileira de Ciências da Comunicação, Vol. 40, Issue. 3, p. 189.

    Download full list
    ×
  • Get access
    Add to cart USD25.00
    Check if you have access via personal or institutional login
    Log in Register Recommend to librarian

Weapon of the Strong? Participatory Inequality and the Internet

  • Kay Lehman Schlozman (a1), Sidney Verba (a2) and Henry E. Brady (a3)
Abstract

What is the impact of the possibility of political participation on the Internet on long-standing patterns of participatory inequality in American politics? An August 2008 representative survey of Americans conducted by the Pew Internet and American Life Project provides little evidence that there has been any change in the extent to which political participation is stratified by socio-economic status, but it suggests that the web has ameliorated the well-known participatory deficit among those who have just joined the electorate. Even when only that subset of the population with Internet access is considered, participatory acts such as contributing to candidates, contacting officials, signing a political petition, or communicating with political groups are as stratified socio-economically when done on the web as when done offline. The story is different for stratification by age where historically younger people have been less engaged than older people in most forms of political participation. Young adults are much more likely than their elders to be comfortable with electronic technologies and to use the Internet, but among Internet users, the young are not especially politically active. How these trends play out in the future depends on what happens to the current Web-savvy younger generation and the cohorts that follow and on the rapidly developing political capacities of the Web. Stay logged on …

Copyright
COPYRIGHT: © American Political Science Association 2010
References
Hide All
Alvarez, Michael, and Hall, Thad E.. 2004. Point, Click, and Vote. Washington, DC: Brookings.
Alvarez, Michael, and Nagler, Jonathan. 2001. “The Likely Consequences of Internet Voting for Political Representation.” Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review 34(3): 1115–1153.
Benjamin, Stuart Minor. 2006. “Evaluating E-Rulemaking: Public Participation and Political Institutions.” Duke Law Journal 55: 934–35.
Benkler, Yochai. 2006. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Benner, Jeffrey. 2002. “Bush Plan ‘Digital Distortion.’” Wired. (http://www.wired.com/politics/law/news/2002/02/50279) (accessed February 16, 2008).
Bennett, Linda, and Bennett, Stephen Earl. 1986. “Political Participation: Meaning and Measurement.” In Annual Review of Political Science, ed. Long, Samuel. Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing.
Berinsky, Adam J. 2005. “The Perverse Consequences of Electoral Reform in the United States.” American Politics Research 33(4): 471–91.
Best, Samuel, and Krueger, Brian. 2005. “Analyzing the Representativeness of Internet Political Participation.” Political Behavior 27(2): 183–216.
Bimber, Bruce. 1998. “The Internet and Political Transformation: Populism, Community, and Accelerated Pluralism.” Polity 31(1): 138–60.
Bimber, Bruce. 1999. “The Internet and Citizen Communication with Government: Does the Medium Matter?” Political Communication 16(4): 409–28.
Bimber, Bruce. 2001. “Information and Political Engagement in America: The Search for Effects of Information Technology at the Individual Level.” Political Research Quarterly 54(1): 53–67.
Bimber, Bruce. 2003. Information and American Democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bimber, Bruce, and Davis, Richard. 2003. Campaigning Online. New York: Oxford University Press.
Brady, Henry E. 1999. “Political Participation.” In Measures of Political Attitudes, ed. Robinson, John P., Shaver, Philip R., and Wrightsman, Lawrence. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
Brady, Henry E., Schlozman, Kay Lehman, and Verba, Sidney. 1999. “Prospecting for Participants: Rational Expectations and the Recruitment of Political Activists.” American Political Science Review 93(1): 153–68.
Chadwick, Andrew. 2006. Internet Politics: States Citizens and New Communications Technologies. New York: Oxford University Press.
Compaine, Benjamin M. 2001. “Declare the War Won.” In The Digital Divide: Facing a Crisis or Creating a Myth, ed. Compaine, Benjamin M.. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Conway, Margaret M. 2000. Political Participation in the United States. 3d ed. Washington, DC: CQ Press.
Dahl, Robert A. 2006. On Political Equality. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Davis, Richard. 1999. The Web of Politics. New York: Oxford University Press.
Davis, Richard. 2005. Politics Online: Blogs, Chatrooms, and Discussion Groups in American Democracy. New York: Routledge Taylor and Francis Group.
Davis, Richard. 2009. Typing Politics: The Role of Blogs in American Politics. New York: Oxford University Press.
Davis, Steve, Elin, Larry, and Reeher, Grant. 2002. Click on Democracy: The Internet's Power to Change Political Apathy into Civic Action. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
DiMaggio, Paul, Hargittai, Eszter, Celeste, Coral, and Shafer, Steven. 2004. “Digital Inequality: From Unequal Access to Differentiated Use.” In Social Inequality, ed. Neckerman, Kathryn M.. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
Herrnson, Paul, Niemi, Richard G., Hanmer, Michael J., Bederson, Benjamin B., Conrad, Frederick C., and Traugott, Michael W.. 2008. Voting Technology. Washington, DC: Brookings.
Hindman, Matthew. 2009. The Myth of Digital Democracy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Horrigan, John B., and Smith, Aaron. 2007. “Home Broadband Adoption 2007.” Pew Internet and Public Life Project. (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Broadband%202007.pdf), (accessed February 16, 2008).
Jennings, M. Kent, and Zeitner, Vicki. 2003. “Internet Use and Civic Engagement.” Public Opinion Quarterly 67(3): 311–34.
Johnson, Stephen M. 1998. “The Internet Changes Everything: Revolutionizing Public Participation and Access to Government Information through the Internet.” Administrative Law Review 50: 277–337.
Kelly, John. 2009. Review of The Myth of Digital Democracy by Matthew Hindman; Digital Citizenship: The Internet Society and Participation by Karen Mossberger, Caroline J. Tolbert, and Ramona S. McNeal; and Networked Publics edited by Kazys Varnelis. Perspectives on Politics 7(4): 941–43.
Leighley, Jan E. 1995. “Attitudes, Opportunities and Incentives: A Field Essay on Political Participation.” Political Research Quarterly 48(1): 181–209.
Lupia, Arthur, and Sin, Gisela. 2003. “Which Public Goods Are Endangered: How Evolving Communication Technologies Affect ‘The Logic of Collective Action.’” Public Choice 117(4): 319–21.
Margolis, Michael, and Resnick, David. 2000. Politics as Usual: The Cyberspace ‘Revolution.’ Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Milbrath, Lester W., and Goel, M.L.. 1977. Political Participation: How and Why Do People Get Involved in Politics? 2d ed. Chicago: Rand McNally.
Mossberger, Karen, Tolbert, Caroline J., and McNeal, Ramona S.. 2008. Digital Citizenship: The Internet, Society, and Participation. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Mossberger, Karen, Tolbert, Caroline J., and Stansbury, Mary. 2003. Virtual Inequality. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.
National Telecommunications, and Information Administration. 2004. A Nation Online: Entering the Broadband Age. (http://www.ntia.doc.gov/reports/anol/index.html), (accessed February 16, 2008).
Nie, Norman H., Junn, Jane, and Stehlik-Barry, Kenneth. 1996. Education and Democratic Citizenship in America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Norris, Pippa. 2001. Digital Divide: Civic Engagement, Information Poverty, and the Internet Worldwide. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Prior, Markus. 2007. Post-Broadcast Democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Rosenstone, Steven J., and Hansen, John Mark. 1993. Mobilization, Participation, and Democracy in America. New York: Macmillan.
Schlosberg, Davis, Zavestoski, Stephen, and Schulman, Stuart W.. 2007. “Democracy and E-Rulemaking: Web-Based Technologies, Participation, and the Potential for Deliberation.” Journal of Information Technology and Politics 4(1): 37–55.
Schlozman, Kay Lehman. 2002. “Citizen Participation in America: What Do We Know? Why Do We Care?” In Political Science: The State of the Discipline, ed. Katznelson, Ira and Milner, Helen V.., New York: W.W. Norton.
Schlozman, Kay Lehman, Verba, Sidney, and Brady, Henry E.. 1999. “Civic Participation and the Equality Problem.” In Civic Engagement in American Democracy, ed. Skocpol, Theda and Fiorina, Morris P.. Washington: Brookings.
Shah, Dhavan, Kwak, Nojin, and Holbert, R. Lance. 2001. “‘Connecting’ and ‘Disconnecting’ with Civic Life: Patterns of Internet Use and the Production of Social Capital.” Political Communication 18(2): 141–62.
Thomas, Clayton, and Streib, Gregory. 2003. “The New Face of Government: Citizen-Initiated Contacts in the Era of E-Government.” Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 13(1): 83–102.
Tolbert, Caroline J., and McNeal, Ramona S.. 2003. “Unraveling the Effects on the Internet on Political Participation?” Political Research Quarterly 56(2): 175–85.
Verba, Sidney, and Nie, Norman H.. 1972. Participation in America. New York: Harper Row.
Verba, Sidney, Schlozman, Kay Lehman, and Brady, Henry E.. 1995. Voice and Equality: Civic Voluntarism in American Politics. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Wilhelm, Anthony G. 2000. Democracy in the Digital Age. New York: Routledge Taylor Francis.
Wilhelm, Anthony G. 2002. “Civic Participation and Technological Inequality: The ‘Killer Application’ Is Education.” In The Civic Web, ed. Anderson, David M. and Cornfield, Michael. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.
Williams, Andrew Paul, and Tedesco, John, eds. 2006. The Internet Election: Perspectives on the Web in Campaign 2004. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.
Wolfinger, Raymond E., and Rosenstone, Steven J.. 1980. Who Votes? New Haven: Yale University Press.
Xenos, Michael, and Moy, Patricia. 2007. “Direct and Differential Effects of the Internet on Political and Civic Engagement.” Journal of Communications 57(4): 704–16.
Zukin, Cliff, Keeter, Scott, Andolina, Molly, Jenkins, Krista, and Carpini, Michael X. Delli. 2006. A New Engagement?: Political Participation, Civic Life, and the Changing American Citizen. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
Recommend this journal

Email your librarian or administrator to recommend adding this journal to your organisation's collection.

Perspectives on Politics
  • ISSN: 1537-5927
  • EISSN: 1541-0986
  • URL: /core/journals/perspectives-on-politics
Please enter your name
Please enter a valid email address
Who would you like to send this to? *

CAPTCHA *

Skip to the audio challenge
×
Type Description Title
UNKNOWN
Supplementary materials

Schlozman et al. supplementary material
SPSS Code for all Results

 Unknown (42 KB)
42 KB
WORD
Supplementary materials

Schlozman et al. supplementary material
Expanatory file

 Word (27 KB)
27 KB
WORD
Supplementary materials

Schlozman et al. supplementary material
Statistical Tests of Differences between Offline and Online Participation

 Word (51 KB)
51 KB

Metrics

Altmetric attention score

Full text views

Total number of HTML views: 81
Total number of PDF views: 535 *
Loading metrics...

Abstract views

Total abstract views: 2355 *
Loading metrics...

* Views captured on Cambridge Core between September 2016 - 23rd April 2018. This data will be updated every 24 hours.

Cancel
Confirm
×