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α-Glucosidase inhibitory activity and antioxidant capacity in the peel and pulp of mixed-species blueberry hybrids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 June 2014

Mark K. Ehlenfeldt ,
Mary J. Camp  and
Shiow Y. Wang
Mark K. Ehlenfeldt*
Affiliation:
Genetic Improvement of Fruits and Vegetables Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Chatsworth, NJ08019, USA
Mary J. Camp
Affiliation:
Biometrical Consulting Service, USDA-ARS, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center (BARC), Beltsville, MD20705-2350, USA
Shiow Y. Wang
Affiliation:
Genetic Improvement of Fruits and Vegetables Laboratory, and Food Quality Laboratory, USDA-ARS, BARC, Beltsville, MD20705-2350, USA
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: mark.ehlenfeldt@ars.usda.gov
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Abstract

Inhibition of α-glucosidase activity is considered an effective means for controlling diabetes by regulating glucose uptake, and blueberries have been shown to possess high levels of inhibitory activity. In the present study, we examined the variations in α-glucosidase inhibition, phenolic and anthocyanin levels, and antioxidant capacity in the peel and pulp of 16 mixed-species rabbiteye hybrids (Vaccinium ashei Reade × Vaccinium spp.), one rabbiteye cultivar (V. ashei) and two highbush hybrids (Vaccinium corymbosum). Peel tissue had, on average, about four times higher levels of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity than pulp, and exhibited significantly higher levels of all other measured activities, even though the peel comprised only a small portion of the fruit. Significant variations in the levels of antioxidant activity were observed; however, no consistent differences were observed between the hybrids with various species composition. Significant positive correlations (r≥ 0.84) were found among α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, total anthocyanin (TA) and phenolic levels, and scavenging activity against ROO∙, ∙OH, 1O2 and H2O2 radicals in the extracts from the peel and pulp. There was a high correlation observed between α-glucosidase inhibitory activity levels and ROO∙(ORAC)peel (r= 0.95). A similarly high correlation with TApeel (r= 0.93) suggests that TA would be a suitable assay proxy if a broader genotypic evaluation of blueberry genotypes is desired.

Keywords

anthocyaninshighbushphenolicsrabbiteyeVaccinium
Type
Short Communication
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 13 , Issue 2 , August 2015 , pp. 190 - 194
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2014. This is a work of the U.S. Government and is not subject to copyright protection in the United States 

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