Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-22dnz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-29T08:38:50.324Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Ice processes and growth history on Arctic and sub-Arctic lakes using ERS-1 SAR data

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 October 2009

K. Morris ,
M. O. Jeffries  and
W. F. Weeks
K. Morris
Affiliation:
Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, PO Box 757320, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7320, USA
M. O. Jeffries
Affiliation:
Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, PO Box 757320, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7320, USA
W. F. Weeks
Affiliation:
Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, PO Box 757320, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7320, USA
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

A survey of ice growth and decay processes on a selection of shallow and deep sub-Arctic and Arctic lakes was conducted using radiometrically calibrated ERS-1 SAR images. Time series of radar backscatter data were compiled for selected sites on the lakes during the period of ice cover (September to June) for the years 1991–92 and 1992–93. A variety of lake-ice processes could be observed, and significant changes in backscatter occurred from the time of initial ice formation in autumn until the onset of the spring thaw. Backscatter also varied according to the location and depth of the lakes. The spatial and temporal changes in backscatter were most constant and predictable at the shallow lakes on the North Slope of Alaska. As a consequence, they represent the most promising sites for long-term monitoring and the detection of changes related to global warming and its effects on the polar regions.

Type
Articles
Information
Polar Record , Volume 31 , Issue 177 , April 1995 , pp. 115 - 128
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1995

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Chapman, W.E., and Walsh, J.E.. 1993. Recent variations of sea ice and air temperature in high latitudes. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 74: 33–47.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elachi, C., Bryan, M.L., and Weeks, W.F.. 1976. Imaging radar observations of frozen Arctic lakes. Remote Sensing of Environment 5: 169–175.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hall, D.K. In press. Remote sensing of snow and ice using imaging radar. In: Ryerson, R. (editor). Manual of remote sensing. 3rd edition. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.Google Scholar
Hall, D.K., Fagre, D.B., Klasner, F., Linebaugh, G., and Liston, G.E.. 1994. Analysis of ERS-1 data of frozen lakes in northern Montana and implications for climate studies. Journal of Geophysical Research 99 (C11): 22,473–22,482.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jeffries, M.O., Wakabayashi, H., and Weeks, W.F.. 1993. ERS–1 SAR backscatter changes associated with ice growing on shallow lakes in Arctic Alaska. In: Better understanding of Earth environment: proceedings of IGARSS '93 symposium, Tokyo, Japan, 18–21 August 1993. Piscataway, NJ: The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers: IV, 2001–2004.Google Scholar
Jeffries, M.O., Morris, K., Weeks, W.F., and Wakayabashi, H.. 1994. Structural and stratigraphic features and ERS-1 SAR backscatter characteristics of ice growing on lakes in NW Alaska, winter 1991–92. Journal of Geophysical Research 99 (C11): 22,459–22,471.Google Scholar
Leconte, R. 1993. Modelling the interaction between microwaves and a snow/soil system. In: Barry, R.G., Goodison, B.E., and LeDrew, E.F. (editors). Snow watch '92: detection strategies for snow and ice. Boulder, Colorado: World Data Center A for Glaciology (Report GD-25): 188–203Google Scholar
Leconte, R., and Klassen, P.D.. 1991. Lake and river ice investigations in northern Manitoba using airborne SAR imagery. Arctic 44 (Supplement 1): 153–163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leconte, R., Carroll, T., and Tang, P.. 1990. Preliminary investigations on monitoring the snow water equivalent using synthetic aperture radar. In: Ferrick, M.Proceedings of the forty-seventh annual Eastern Snow Conference, 7–8 June 1990, Bangor, Maine. CRREL Special Report 90–44: 73–86.Google Scholar
Lytle, V.I., Jezek, K.C., Gogineni, S., Moore, R.K., and Ackley, S.F.. 1990. Radar backscatter measurements during the Winter Weddell Gyre Study. Antarctic Journal of the United States 25 (5): 123–125.Google Scholar
Manabe, S., Spelma, M.J., and Stouffer, R.J.. 1992. Transient responses of a coupled ocean–atmosphere model to gradual changes of atmospheric CO2, II, seasonal response. Journal of Climatology 5 (2): 105–126.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mätzler, C., and Schanda, E.. 1984. Snow mapping with active microwave sensors. International Journal of Remote Sensing 5 (2): 409–422.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mellor, J. 1982. Bathymetry of Alaskan Arctic lakes: a key to resource inventory with remote sensing methods. Unpublished PhD thesis. Institute of Marine Science, University of Alaska.Google Scholar
Palecki, M.A., Barry, R.G., and Tramoni, F.. 1985. Lake freeze-up and break-up records as a temperature indicator for detecting climate change. In: Extended abstracts, third conference on climatic variations. Los Angeles: American Meteorological Association: 29–30.Google Scholar
Palecki, M.A., and Barry, R.G.. 1986. Freeze-up and breakup of lakes as an index of temperature changes during the transition seasons: a case study in Finland. Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology 25 (7): 893–902.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rott, H., Davis, R.E., and Dozier, J.. 1992. Polarimetric and multifrequency SAR signatures of wet snow. In: Williamson, R. (editor). International space year: space remote sensing: proceedings of IGARSS '92 symposium, Houston, Texas, May 26–29, 1992. Piscataway, NJ: The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers: III, 1658–1660.Google Scholar
Schindler, D.W., Beaty, K.G., Fee, E.J., Cruikshank, D.R., DeBruyn, E.R., Findlay, D.L., Linsey, G.A., Shearer, J.A., Stainton, M.P., and Turner, M.A.. 1990. Effects of climatic warming on lakes of the central boreal forest. Science 250: 967–970.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sellmann, P.V., Weeks, W.F., and Campbell, W.J.. 1975a. Use of sidelooking airborne radar to determine lake depth on the Alaskan North Slope. Hanover, New Hampshire: US Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL Special Report 230).Google Scholar
Sellman, P.V., Brown, J., Lewellen, R.I., McKim, H., and Merry, C.. 1975b. The classification and geomorphic implications of thaw lakes on the Arctic Coastal Plain, Alaska. Hanover, New Hampshire: US Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL Special Report 344).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stiles, W.H., and Ulaby, F.T.. 1980. The active and passive microwave response to snow parameters: 1. wetness. Journal of Geophysical Research 85 (C2): 1037–1044.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swift, C.T., Jones, W.L., Harrington, R.F., Fedors, J.C., Couch, R.H., and Jackson, B.L.. 1980. Microwave radar and radiometric remote sensing measurements of lake ice. Geophysical Research Letters 7: 243–246.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wakabayashi, H., Jeffries, M.O., and Weeks, W.F.. 1993a. C-band backscatter from ice on shallow tundra lakes: observations and modelling. In: Kaldeich, B. (editor). Proceedings of the first ERS-1 symposium; space at the service of our environment, 4–6 November 1992, Cannes, France. Paris: European Space Agency (ESA SP-359): 333–337.Google Scholar
Wakabayashi, H., Weeks, W.F., and Jeffries, M.O.. 1993b. A C–band backscatter model for lake ice in Alaska. In: Better understanding of Earth environment: proceedings of IGARSS '93 symposium, Tokyo, Japan, 18–21 August 1993. Piscataway, NJ: The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers: III, 1264–1266.Google Scholar
Weeks, W.F., Sellmann, P.V., and Campbell, W.J.. 1977. Interesting features of radar imagery of ice-covered North Slope lakes. Journal of Glaciology 18 (78): 129–136.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weeks, W.F., Fountain, A.G., Bryan, M.L, and Elachi, C.. 1978. Differences in radar returns from ice-covered North Slope lakes. Journal of Geophysical Research 83 (C8): 4069–4073.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weeks, W.F., Gow, A.J., and Schertler, R.J.. 1981. Ground-truth observations of ice-cover on North Slope lakes imaged by radar. Hanover, New Hampshire: US Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL Research Report 81-19).Google Scholar