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Parameter studies for an optimized XRF-determination of Pb in bone

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 March 2012

N. Cernohlawek ,
P. Wobrauschek ,
C. Streli  and
N. Zoeger
N. Cernohlawek
Affiliation:
Atominstitut, TU-Wien, Stadionallee 2, A-1020 Vienna, Austria
P. Wobrauschek
Affiliation:
Atominstitut, TU-Wien, Stadionallee 2, A-1020 Vienna, Austria
C. Streli
Affiliation:
Atominstitut, TU-Wien, Stadionallee 2, A-1020 Vienna, Austria
N. Zoeger
Affiliation:
Atominstitut, TU-Wien, Stadionallee 2, A-1020 Vienna, Austria
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Abstract

One of the main threats to human health from heavy metals is associated with the exposure to lead (Pb). In vivo X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) of human bone is a widely used technique to determine the total Pb body burden. The intention of this work was to study the feasibility of in vivo L-shell XRF measurements of Pb in bone using X-ray tubes as excitation sources. Parameter studies using direct tube excitation with various anode materials (Mo and W) and filters as well as different secondary targets and low-Z polarizers were performed with regard to the lowest limits of detection (LLD) achievable for Pb in bone matrix. A breakthrough for the development of a portable spectrometer was achieved by using an air-cooled low-power (50 W) Pd anode X-ray tube, Mo secondary target, and a Peltier-cooled silicon drift detector. LLDs for Pb in bone were determined from measurements on a plaster-of-paris standard without overlying tissue equivalent material and found to be around 0.6 μg∕g.

Information

Type
X-Ray Fluorescence and Related Techniques
Information
Powder Diffraction , Volume 21 , Issue 2 , June 2006 , pp. 148 - 151
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2006

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