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An evolved planetary nebula physically associated with the open cluster M37

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 October 2025

Vasiliki Fragkou Open the ORCID record for Vasiliki Fragkou [Opens in a new window] ,
Quentin A. Parker Open the ORCID record for Quentin A. Parker [Opens in a new window] ,
Albert Zijlstra ,
Roberto Vázquez ,
Laurence Sabin Open the ORCID record for Laurence Sabin [Opens in a new window] ,
Jackeline S. Rechy-García  and
Denise R. Gonçalves
Vasiliki Fragkou*
Affiliation:
Valongo Observatory, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Quentin A. Parker
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
Albert Zijlstra
Affiliation:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, UK
Roberto Vázquez
Affiliation:
Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, Mexico
Laurence Sabin
Affiliation:
Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, Mexico
Jackeline S. Rechy-García
Affiliation:
Valongo Observatory, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Denise R. Gonçalves
Affiliation:
Valongo Observatory, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
*
email: vfrag@physics.auth.gr
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Abstract

We have found strong evidence that an extended bipolar planetary nebula (PN), lying in the line-of-sight of the Galactic open cluster M37, is actually its physical member. We estimated both the PN physical properties and the properties of its progenitor from cluster studies. The progenitor mass has been found to be around 2.8 M⊙. There are only a handful of such confirmed associations and each of them provides valuable additional data to the initial-to-final-mass relation. The nebula has a major axis of 445 arcsec and a kinematical age of around 80 kyrs -the largest ever determined for a PN- suggesting that PNe in clusters do not dissipate as fast as field PNe.

Keywords

stars: planetary nebulaeopen star clusters

Information

Type
Poster Paper
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 19 , Symposium S384: Planetary Nebulae: A Universal Toolbox in the Era of Precision Astrophysics , December 2023 , pp. 405 - 407
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of International Astronomical Union

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References

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