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Gaia EDR3 proper motions, energies, angular momenta of Milky Way dwarf galaxies: a recent infall to the Milky Way halo

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 October 2025

Y. Yang Open the ORCID record for Y. Yang [Opens in a new window] ,
F. Hammer ,
H. Li ,
M. S. Pawlowski ,
J. L. Wang ,
C. Babusiaux ,
G. A. Mamon ,
P. Bonifacio ,
Y. Jiao  and
H. Wang
Y. Yang*
Affiliation:
Observatoire de Paris, Paris Sciences et Lettres, CNRS France
F. Hammer
Affiliation:
Observatoire de Paris, Paris Sciences et Lettres, CNRS France
H. Li
Affiliation:
School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
M. S. Pawlowski
Affiliation:
Leibniz-Institut fuer Astrophysik Potsdam, Germany
J. L. Wang
Affiliation:
CAS Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, Beijing 100101, China
C. Babusiaux
Affiliation:
Université de Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France
G. A. Mamon
Affiliation:
Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS, France
P. Bonifacio
Affiliation:
Observatoire de Paris, Paris Sciences et Lettres, CNRS France
Y. Jiao
Affiliation:
Observatoire de Paris, Paris Sciences et Lettres, CNRS France
H. Wang
Affiliation:
Centro Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Roma, Italy
*
email: yanbin.yang@obspm.fr
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Abstract

Gaia EDR3 has provided proper motions of Milky Way (MW) dwarf galaxies with an unprecedented accuracy, which allows us to investigate their orbital properties. We found that the total energy and angular momentum of MW dwarf galaxies are much larger than that of MW K-giant stars, Sagittarius stream stars and globular clusters. It suggests that many MW dwarf galaxies have had a recent infall into the MW halo. We confirmed that MW dwarf galaxies lie near their pericenters, which suggests that they do not behave like satellite systems derived from Lambda-Cold-Dark-Matter cosmological simulations. These new results require revisiting the origin of MW dwarf galaxies, e.g., if they came recently, they were likely to have experienced gas removal due to the ram pressure induced by MW’s hot gas, and to be affected by MW tides. We will discuss the consequences of these processes on their mass estimation.

Keywords

Milky Way GalaxyGlobular clustersDwarf spheroidal galaxiesDwarf irregular galaxiesCircumgalactic medium

Information

Type
Contributed Paper
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 19 , Symposium S379: Dynamical Masses of Local Group Galaxies , December 2023 , pp. 187 - 194
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of International Astronomical Union

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