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A possible dividing line between massive planets and brown-dwarf companions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 November 2011

Johannes Sahlmann ,
Damien Ségransan ,
Didier Queloz  and
Stéphane Udry
Johannes Sahlmann
Affiliation:
Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, 51 Chemin Des Maillettes, 1290 Sauverny, Switzerland. email: johannes.sahlmann@unige.ch
Damien Ségransan
Affiliation:
Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, 51 Chemin Des Maillettes, 1290 Sauverny, Switzerland. email: johannes.sahlmann@unige.ch
Didier Queloz
Affiliation:
Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, 51 Chemin Des Maillettes, 1290 Sauverny, Switzerland. email: johannes.sahlmann@unige.ch
Stéphane Udry
Affiliation:
Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, 51 Chemin Des Maillettes, 1290 Sauverny, Switzerland. email: johannes.sahlmann@unige.ch
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Abstract

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Brown dwarfs are intermediate objects between planets and stars. The lower end of the brown-dwarf mass range overlaps with the one of massive planets and therefore the distinction between planets and brown-dwarf companions may require to trace the individual formation process. We present results on new potential brown-dwarf companions of Sun-like stars, which were discovered using CORALIE radial-velocity measurements. By combining the spectroscopic orbits and Hipparcos astrometric measurements, we have determined the orbit inclinations and therefore the companion masses for many of these systems. This has revealed a mass range between 25 and 45 Jupiter masses almost void of objects, suggesting a possible dividing line between massive planets and sub-stellar companions.

Keywords

brown dwarfsstars: low-massbinaries: spectroscopicstars: statisticstechniques: radial velocitiesastrometry

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