When $m$ is odd, spreads in an orthogonal vector space of type $\Omega^+ (2m+2,2)$ are related to binary Kerdock codes and extremal line-sets in $\RR^{2^{m+1}}$ with prescribed angles. Spreads in a $2m$-dimensional binary symplectic vector space are related to Kerdock codes over $\ZZ_4$ and extremal line-sets in $\CC^{2^m}$ with prescribed angles. These connections involve binary, real and complex geometry associated with extraspecial 2-groups. A geometric map from symplectic to orthogonal spreads is shown to induce the Gray map from a corresponding $\ZZ_4$-Kerdock code to its binary image. These geometric considerations lead to the construction, for any odd composite $m$, of large numbers of $\ZZ_4$-Kerdock codes. They also produce new $\ZZ_4$-linear Kerdock and Preparata codes.

1991 Mathematics Subject Classification: primary 94B60; secondary 51M15, 20C99.