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Multimodal meta-analysis of structural gray matter, neurocognitive and social cognitive fMRI findings in schizophrenia patients

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 February 2022

Maria Picó-Pérez ,
Rita Vieira ,
Marcos Fernández-Rodríguez ,
Maria Antónia Pereira De Barros ,
Joaquim Radua  and
Pedro Morgado Open the ORCID record for Pedro Morgado [Opens in a new window]
Maria Picó-Pérez
Affiliation:
Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal Clinical Academic Center – Braga, Braga, Portugal
Rita Vieira
Affiliation:
Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal Clinical Academic Center – Braga, Braga, Portugal
Marcos Fernández-Rodríguez
Affiliation:
Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
Maria Antónia Pereira De Barros
Affiliation:
Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
Joaquim Radua
Affiliation:
Imaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD) Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK Mental Health Research Networking Center (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
Pedro Morgado*
Affiliation:
Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal Clinical Academic Center – Braga, Braga, Portugal
*
Author for correspondence: Pedro Morgado, E-mail: pedromorgado@med.uminho.pt
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Abstract

Neuroimaging research has shown that patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) present brain structural and functional alterations, but the results across imaging modalities and task paradigms are difficult to reconcile. Specifically, no meta-analyses have tested whether the same brain systems that are structurally different in SCZ patients are also involved in neurocognitive and social cognitive tasks. To answer this, we conducted separate meta-analyses of voxel-based morphometry, neurocognitive functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and social cognitive fMRI studies. Next, with a multimodal approach, we identified the common alterations across meta-analyses. Further exploratory meta-analyses were performed taking into account several clinical variables (illness duration, medication status, and symptom severity). A cluster covering the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and the supplementary motor area (SMA), and the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), presented shared structural and neurocognitive-related activation decreases, while the right angular gyrus presented shared decreases between structural and social cognitive-related activation. The exploratory meta-analyses replicated to some extent these findings, while new regions of alterations appeared in patient subgroups with specific clinical features. In conclusion, we found task-specific correlates of brain structure and function in SCZ, which help summarize and integrate a growing literature.

Keywords

DMNmeta-analysisneurocognitivesalience networkschizophreniasocial cognitivevoxel-based morphometry

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Type
Review Article
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Psychological Medicine , Volume 52 , Issue 4 , March 2022 , pp. 614 - 624
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Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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