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Accelerated alcohol use across adolescence predicts early adult symptoms of alcohol use disorder via reward-related neural function

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 June 2018

Rebecca Waller
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
Laura Murray
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
Daniel S. Shaw
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, USA
Erika E. Forbes
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, USA Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, USA
Luke W. Hyde*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA Survey Research Center of the Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Luke W. Hyde, E-mail: lukehyde@umich.edu

Abstract

Background

Alcohol use is commonly initiated during adolescence, with earlier onset known to increase the risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD). Altered function in neural reward circuitry is thought to increase the risk for AUD. To test the hypothesis that adolescent alcohol misuse primes the brain for alcohol-related psychopathology in early adulthood, we examined whether adolescent alcohol consumption rates predicted reward responsivity in the ventral striatum (VS), and in turn, AUD symptoms in adulthood.

Methods

A total of 139 low income, racially diverse urban males reported on their alcohol use at ages 11, 12, 15, and 17; completed self-reports of personality, psychiatric interviews, and a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan at age 20; and completed a psychiatric interview at age 22. We measured adolescent alcohol use trajectories using latent growth curve modeling and measured neural responses to monetary reward using a VS region of interest. We tested indirect effects of adolescent alcohol use on AUD symptoms at age 22 via VS reward-related reactivity at age 20.

Results

Greater acceleration in adolescent alcohol use predicted increased VS response during reward anticipation at age 20. VS reactivity to reward anticipation at age 20 predicted AUD symptoms at age 22, over and above concurrent symptoms. Accelerated adolescent alcohol use predicted AUD symptoms in early adulthood via greater VS reactivity to reward anticipation.

Conclusions

Prospective findings support a pathway through which adolescent alcohol use increases the risk for AUD in early adulthood by impacting reward-related neural functioning. These results highlight increased VS reward-related reactivity as a biomarker for AUD vulnerability.

Type
Original Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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