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Anterior hippocampal dysfunction in early psychosis: a 2-year follow-up study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 April 2021

Maureen McHugo Open the ORCID record for Maureen McHugo [Opens in a new window] ,
Suzanne Avery ,
Kristan Armstrong ,
Baxter P. Rogers ,
Simon N. Vandekar ,
Neil D. Woodward ,
Jennifer Urbano Blackford  and
Stephan Heckers
Maureen McHugo*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
Suzanne Avery
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
Kristan Armstrong
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
Baxter P. Rogers
Affiliation:
Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Sciences, Nashville, TN, USA
Simon N. Vandekar
Affiliation:
Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
Neil D. Woodward
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
Jennifer Urbano Blackford
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA Research and Development, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, United States Department of Veteran Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA
Stephan Heckers
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Maureen McHugo, E-mail: maureen.mchugo@vanderbilt.edu
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Abstract

Background

Cross-sectional studies indicate that hippocampal function is abnormal across stages of psychosis. Neural theories of psychosis pathophysiology suggest that dysfunction worsens with illness stage. Here, we test the hypothesis that hippocampal function is impaired in the early stage of psychosis and declines further over the next 2 years.

Methods

We measured hippocampal function over 2 years using a scene processing task in 147 participants (76 individuals in the early stage of a non-affective psychotic disorder and 71 demographically similar healthy control individuals). Two-year follow-up was completed in 97 individuals (50 early psychosis, 47 healthy control). Voxelwise longitudinal analysis of activation in response to scenes was carried out within a hippocampal region of interest to test for group differences at baseline and a group by time interaction.

Results

At baseline, we observed lower anterior hippocampal activation in the early psychosis group relative to the healthy control group. Contrary to our hypothesis, hippocampal activation remained consistent and did not show the predicted decline over 2 years in the early psychosis group. Healthy controls showed a modest reduction in hippocampal activation after 2 years.

Conclusions

The results of this study suggest that hippocampal dysfunction in early psychosis does not worsen over 2 years and highlight the need for longer-term longitudinal studies.

Keywords

Early psychosisschizophreniahippocampusfMRIlongitudinal
Type
Original Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 53 , Issue 1 , January 2023 , pp. 160 - 169
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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