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Current (but not ex) cigarette smoking is associated with worse cognitive performances in schizophrenia: results from the FACE-SZ cohort

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 September 2022

Jasmina Mallet Open the ORCID record for Jasmina Mallet [Opens in a new window] ,
Ophélia Godin ,
Yecodji Dansou ,
Nicolas Mazer ,
Claire Scognamiglio ,
Fabrice Berna ,
Laurent Boyer ,
Delphine Capdevielle ,
Isabelle Chéreau  and
Thierry D'Amato
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Jasmina Mallet*
Affiliation:
University of Paris, INSERM UMR1266, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, Paris, France AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes, France Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France
Ophélia Godin
Affiliation:
Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France Université Paris-Est, UMR_S955, UPEC, Créteil, France Inserm, U955, Equipe 15 Psychiatrie génétique, Créteil, France AP-HP, Hôpital H. Mondor-A. Chenevier, Pôle de psychiatrie, Créteil, France Fondation FondaMental, fondation de cooperation scientifique, Créteil, France
Yecodji Dansou
Affiliation:
Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France
Nicolas Mazer
Affiliation:
University of Paris, INSERM UMR1266, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, Paris, France AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes, France Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France
Claire Scognamiglio
Affiliation:
University of Paris, INSERM UMR1266, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, Paris, France AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes, France Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France
Fabrice Berna
Affiliation:
University of Paris, INSERM UMR1266, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, Paris, France Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, INSERM U1114, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
Laurent Boyer
Affiliation:
AP-HM, Aix-Marseille Univ, School of medicine – La Timone Medical Campus, EA 3279: CEReSS – Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
Delphine Capdevielle
Affiliation:
University of Paris, INSERM UMR1266, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, Paris, France Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie Adulte, Hôpital la Colombière, CHRU Montpellier, Université Montpellier 1, Inserm 1061, Montpellier, France
Isabelle Chéreau
Affiliation:
University of Paris, INSERM UMR1266, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, Paris, France CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Department of Psychiatry, University of Clermont Auvergne, EA 7280, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Thierry D'Amato
Affiliation:
University of Paris, INSERM UMR1266, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, Paris, France INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Equipe PSYR2, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Pole Est, 95 bd Pinel, BP 30039, 69678 Bron Cedex, France
Julien Dubreucq
Affiliation:
University of Paris, INSERM UMR1266, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, Paris, France Centre Référent de Réhabilitation Psychosociale et de Remédiation Cognitive (C3R), CH Alpes Isère, France
Guillaume Fond
Affiliation:
University of Paris, INSERM UMR1266, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, Paris, France AP-HM, Aix-Marseille Univ, School of medicine – La Timone Medical Campus, EA 3279: CEReSS – Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
Sylvain Leigner
Affiliation:
University of Paris, INSERM UMR1266, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, Paris, France Centre Référent de Réhabilitation Psychosociale et de Remédiation Cognitive (C3R), CH Alpes Isère, France
Pierre-Michel Llorca
Affiliation:
University of Paris, INSERM UMR1266, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, Paris, France CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Department of Psychiatry, University of Clermont Auvergne, EA 7280, Clermont-Ferrand, France
David Misdrahi
Affiliation:
University of Paris, INSERM UMR1266, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, Paris, France Department of Adult Psychiatry, Charles Perrens Hospital, Bordeaux, France University of Bordeaux, Laboratory of Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology (UMR INRA 1286), Bordeaux, France
Christine Passerieux
Affiliation:
University of Paris, INSERM UMR1266, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, Paris, France Department of Adult Psychiatry and Addictology, Versailles Hospital, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, 177 rue de Versailles, 78157 Le Chesnay, France DisAP-DevPsy-CESP, INSERM UMR1018, University of Paris-Saclay, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-En-Yvelines 94807, Villejuif, France
Romain Rey
Affiliation:
University of Paris, INSERM UMR1266, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, Paris, France INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Equipe PSYR2, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Pole Est, 95 bd Pinel, BP 30039, 69678 Bron Cedex, France
Baptiste Pignon
Affiliation:
Université Paris-Est, UMR_S955, UPEC, Créteil, France Inserm, U955, Equipe 15 Psychiatrie génétique, Créteil, France AP-HP, Hôpital H. Mondor-A. Chenevier, Pôle de psychiatrie, Créteil, France Fondation FondaMental, fondation de cooperation scientifique, Créteil, France
Mathieu Urbach
Affiliation:
University of Paris, INSERM UMR1266, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, Paris, France Department of Adult Psychiatry and Addictology, Versailles Hospital, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, 177 rue de Versailles, 78157 Le Chesnay, France DisAP-DevPsy-CESP, INSERM UMR1018, University of Paris-Saclay, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-En-Yvelines 94807, Villejuif, France
Benoit Schorr
Affiliation:
University of Paris, INSERM UMR1266, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, Paris, France Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, INSERM U1114, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
Franck Schürhoff
Affiliation:
Université Paris-Est, UMR_S955, UPEC, Créteil, France Inserm, U955, Equipe 15 Psychiatrie génétique, Créteil, France AP-HP, Hôpital H. Mondor-A. Chenevier, Pôle de psychiatrie, Créteil, France Fondation FondaMental, fondation de cooperation scientifique, Créteil, France
Le Strat Yann
Affiliation:
University of Paris, INSERM UMR1266, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, Paris, France AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes, France Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France
Caroline Dubertret
Affiliation:
University of Paris, INSERM UMR1266, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, Paris, France AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes, France Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France
FACE-SZ (FondaMental Academic Center of Expertise for Schizophrenia) Group
Affiliation:
University of Paris, INSERM UMR1266, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, Paris, France AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes, France Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France
*
Author for correspondence: Jasmina Mallet, E-mail: jasmina.mallet@gmail.com
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Abstract

Background

Tobacco use is common in subjects with schizophrenia (SZ) and has sometimes been associated with better functioning in short-term studies. Only few studies embrace an extensive examination of tobacco influence on clinical, cognitive and therapeutic characteristics in stabilized SZ outpatients. The objective of the present study was to assess the association between cognitive performances and smoking status in SZ subjects.

Methods

In total, 1233 SZ participants (73.9% men, mean age 31.5) were included and tested with a comprehensive battery. Tobacco status was self-declared (never-, ex-, or current smokers). Multivariable analyses including principal component analyses (PCA) were used.

Results

In total, 53.7% were smokers with 33.7% of them nicotine-dependent. Multiple factor analysis revealed that current tobacco smoking was associated with impaired general intellectual ability and abstract reasoning (aOR 0.60, 95% IC 0.41–0.88, p = 0.01) and with a lifetime alcohol use disorder (p = 0.026) and a lifetime cannabis use disorder (p < 0.001). Ex- and never-smokers differed for age, mean outcome, cannabis history and medication [ex-smokers being older (p = 0.047), likely to have higher income (p = 0.026), a lifetime cannabis use disorder (p < 0.001) and higher CPZeq doses (p = 0.005)]. Premorbid IQ in the three groups significantly differed with, from higher to lower: ex-smokers, never-smoker, current smokers (all p < 0.001).

Conclusions

This study is the largest to date providing strong evidence that chronic smoking is associated with cognitive impairment in SZ, arguing against the self-medication hypothesis as a contributor to the high prevalence of smoking in SZ. Ex-smokers may also represent a specific subgroup. Longitudinal studies are warranted to determine the developmental impact of tobacco on neurocognition.

Keywords

Attentioncognitionnicotinepsychosissmokingtobacco
Type
Original Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 53 , Issue 11 , August 2023 , pp. 5279 - 5290
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Footnotes

*

List of FondaMental Advanced Center of Expertise (FACE-SZ) collaborators:

FACE-SZ Clinical Coordinating Center (Fondation FondaMental); F. Berna, E. Haffen, M. Leboyer, PM Llorca and F. Schürhoff;

FACE-SZ Data Coordinating Center (Fondation FondaMental); V. Barteau, S. Bensalem, O. Godin, H. Laouamri and K. Souryis;

FACE-SZ Clinical Sites and Principal Collaborators in France;

AP-HP, INSERM U955, Translational Psychiatry Team, DHU Pe-PSY, Centre Expert Schizophrénie, Pôle de Psychiatrie et d'Addictologie des Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Paris Est University, 40 rue de Mesly, 94000 Créteil, France; E. Bourguignon, M. Leboyer, B. Pignon, J. Petrucci, F. Schürhoff, A. Szöke, G. Wahiche; Department of Adult Psychiatry, Charles Perrens Hospital, F-33076 Bordeaux, France; Laboratory of Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology (UMR INRA 1286), University of Bordeaux, France: B. Aouizerate; Department of Adult Psychiatry, Charles Perrens Hospital, F-33076 Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5287-INCIA, Bordeaux, France: A. Deloge, D. Misdrahi and E. Vilà; CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Department of Psychiatry (service de psychatrie B), University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France: O. Blanc, I. Chéreau, H. Denizot, RM. Honciuc, D. Lacelle, PM. Llorca and S. Pires; AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry, Louis Mourier Hospital, Colombes, Inserm UMR1266, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurosciences of Paris, University Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de médecine, France: C. Dubertret, J. Mallet and C. Portalier; Psychosocial Rehabilitation Reference Center, Alpes Isère Hospital, Grenoble, France: J. Dubreucq, C. Fluttaz, F. Gabayet and C. Roman; University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Le Vinatier Hospital Pole Est BP 300 39–95 bd Pinel – 69678 Bron Cedex, France: G. Chesnoy-Servanin, T. D'Amato, JM. Dorey, R. Rey and A. Vehier; Department of Psychiatry (AP-HM), Sainte-Marguerite University Hospital, Marseille, France: C. Lançon, C. Faget, E. Metairie, P. Peri and F. Vaillant; AP-HM, la Conception Hospital, Aix-Marseille Univ, School of medicine – La Timone Medical Campus, EA 3279: CEReSS – Health Service Research: L. Boyer and G. Fond; Strasbourg University Hospital, University of Strasbourg, INSERM U1114, Federation of Translational Psychiatry, Strasbourg, France: F. Berna, P. Vidailhet and A. Zinetti-Bertschy; University Department of Adult Psychiatry, La Colombiere Hospital, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier 1, Inserm 1061, Montpellier, France: D. Capdevielle and H. Yazbek; Versailles Hospital, Department of Adult Psychiatry and Addictology, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, 177 rue de Versailles, 78157 Le Chesnay, France; DisAP-DevPsy-CESP, INSERM UMR1018, University of Paris-Saclay, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-En-Yvelines 94807, Villejuif, France: S. Esselin, M. Jarroir, C. Passerieux and M. Urbach

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