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High-Resolution Age-Depth Model of a Peat Bog in Poland as an Important Basis for Paleoenvironmental Studies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 July 2016

B Fiałkiewicz-Kozieł ,
P Kołaczek ,
N Piotrowska ,
A Michczyński ,
E Łokas ,
P Wachniew ,
M Woszczyk  and
B Sensuła
B Fiałkiewicz-Kozieł*
Affiliation:
Department of Biogeography and Paleoecology, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Dzięgielowa 27, 61-680 Poznań, Poland
P Kołaczek
Affiliation:
Department of Biogeography and Paleoecology, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Dzięgielowa 27, 61-680 Poznań, Poland
N Piotrowska
Affiliation:
Department of Radioisotopes, Institute of Physics – Centre for Science and Education, Silesian University of Technology, GADAM Centre of Excellence, Krzywoustego 2, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
A Michczyński
Affiliation:
Department of Radioisotopes, Institute of Physics – Centre for Science and Education, Silesian University of Technology, GADAM Centre of Excellence, Krzywoustego 2, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
E Łokas
Affiliation:
H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland
P Wachniew
Affiliation:
AGH – University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
M Woszczyk
Affiliation:
Department of Quaternary Geology & Paleogeography, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Dzięgielowa 27, 61-680 Poznań, Poland
B Sensuła
Affiliation:
Department of Radioisotopes, Institute of Physics – Centre for Science and Education, Silesian University of Technology, GADAM Centre of Excellence, Krzywoustego 2, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
*
2. Corresponding author. Email: basiaf1234@poczta.fm.
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Abstract

This article focuses on constructing a high-resolution age-depth model for the Puścizna Mała peat bog located in Orawa-Nowy Targ Basin (S Poland). The chronology was established on the basis of both 210Pb and 14C measurements, and further confirmed by pollen diagrams and the peat bulk composition (density, ash content, and measurements of C, N, S). The 137Cs profile revealed significant downward migration of this radionuclide and was not suitable for geochronological interpretation. The peat profile in southern Poland records almost 2000 yr of paleoecological and geochemical changes. Major historical events linked to anthropogenic and climatic changes are recorded in the investigated proxies, which confirm the reliability of the age-depth model. Specifically, the Roman period, Migration period, Medieval times, as well as the Industrial Revolution are reflected in the palynology and bulk composition of the peat. However, dating results obtained for the core segment between 22–45 cm are problematic when confronted with other analyses. The highest peat accumulation rate of 2 mm yr-1 (AD 1300–1400 according to the age-depth model) is not compatible with the section of the highest peat decomposition revealed by lithological description. Moreover, the onset of a drastic decline of forests reflected in the palynological data and dated to AD 1280–1340 (40 cm) is difficult to explain in the light of historical data. Therefore, the lithology, bulk density, and pollen were used to validate the obtained age-depth model. External forcing factors on the peat formation process may be indicated, including agricultural activity, water-level fluctuations, and natural climatic factors, which paradoxically caused doubling of the obtained peat accumulation rate.

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Radiocarbon , Volume 56 , Issue 1 , 2014 , pp. 109 - 125
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Copyright © 2014 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona 

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