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AMS 14C Dating of Romanesque Rotunda and Stone Buildings of a Medieval Monastery in Łekno, Poland

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 July 2016

Andrzej M Wyrwa ,
Tomasz Goslar  and
Justyna Czernik
Andrzej M Wyrwa
Affiliation:
Institute of History, A. Mickiewicz University, Archaeological Expedition, “Łekno,” ul. św. Marcin 78, 61-809 Poznań, Poland
Tomasz Goslar
Affiliation:
Faculty of Physics. A. Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 85, 61–614 Poznań, Poland Poznań Radiocarbon Laboratory, ul. Rubież 46, 61-612 Poznań, Poland
Justyna Czernik*
Affiliation:
Poznań Radiocarbon Laboratory, ul. Rubież 46, 61-612 Poznań, Poland
*
Corresponding author. Email: justyna.czernik@radiocarbon.pl
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Abstract

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Archaeological excavations performed for many years in Łekno, central Poland, have exposed relicts of wooden fortified settlements, and in its enclosure also basements of stone buildings, consisting of Romanesque rotunda and a Cistercian monastery, including an oratory, church, and abbot's house. Earlier archaeological, structural, and stratigraphical studies have shown that these buildings were constructed in a sequence and represented several phases of development.

In this paper, we present results of radiocarbon dating of stone buildings of the rotunda and the monastery. For 14C dating, we used tiny pieces of charcoal retrieved from calcareous and gypsum mortar binding stone elements from the buildings. These pieces were incorporated in mortar during the firing process, where the fuel used for firing was wood. Most of the obtained 14C dates formed clear groups, confirming that individual buildings were constructed in separate periods. Calibrated 14C dates of these phases agree well with the constraints provided by historical sources, and enable us to set their ages with accuracy better than previously available. In particular, we have learned that the oldest rotunda was built at the boundary of the 10/11th centuries, and the church and the abbot's house, before AD 1250. However, some samples gave much too old 14C ages, clearly reflecting the use of old wood for firing. These problems were revealed only for samples from the rotunda and for the gypsum stone ornamental details.

Type
Radiocarbon, Archaeology, and Landscape Change
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 51 , Issue 2 , 2009 , pp. 471 - 480
Copyright
Copyright © 2009 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona 

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