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Tracing the source of dissolved organic carbon in rivers by carbon isotope (Δ14C-δ13C): A case study of Tianyu River in Qinling Mountains, China

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 August 2025

Mengyu Zang
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Loess Science, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, 710061, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Xi’an AMS Center, Xi’an, 710061, China
Huachun Gu
Affiliation:
Xi’an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research, Xi’an, 710061, China
Peng Cheng
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Loess Science, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, 710061, China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Xi’an AMS Center, Xi’an, 710061, China Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, China
Yan Hu
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Loess Science, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, 710061, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Xi’an AMS Center, Xi’an, 710061, China
Jie Zhou
Affiliation:
Xi’an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research, Xi’an, 710061, China
Hua Du
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Loess Science, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, 710061, China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Xi’an AMS Center, Xi’an, 710061, China
Xuefeng Lu
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Loess Science, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, 710061, China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Xi’an AMS Center, Xi’an, 710061, China
Zhao Jin
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Loess Science, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, 710061, China
Yanhong Zheng
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi’an, 710069, China
Weijian Zhou*
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Loess Science, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, 710061, China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Xi’an AMS Center, Xi’an, 710061, China Interdisciplinary Research Center of Earth Science Frontier, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
*
Corresponding author: Weijian Zhou; Email: weijian@loess.llqg.ac.cn

Abstract

The cycling of carbon in riverine systems is a critical component of global carbon cycle research. However, the sources and performances of riverine carbon in the Qinling Mountains, a pivotal hydrological nexus in China, remain poorly understood. This study investigates the seasonal variations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration in the Tianyu River within the Qinling Mountains. By utilizing a combination of carbon isotopic signatures (Δ14C-δ13C) and the stepped-combustion method, we examined the sources of DOC and the contribution ratio of each end-member. Our findings reveal that: (1) the concentrations and dual carbon isotope ratios of DOC in the Tianyu River are influenced by regional climatic factors, exhibiting distinct seasonal patterns; (2) the 14C age of DOC in the Tianyu River is comparatively older than the global average for rivers but younger than that of China’s three major rivers (the Yellow, Yangtze, and Pearl Rivers); and (3) the DOC mainly comes from exogenous sources, with a proportion of about 85.8%–88.4%. Vegetation and riverine sediments are identified as primary contributors. These findings suggest that exemplary ecological preservation exists within the Qinling region while operating within an efficient carbon cycling system. This investigation provides initial insights into how regional climatic conditions influence riverine carbon cycles and enhances our understanding of biogeochemical processes related to carbon.

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© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of University of Arizona

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Footnotes

a

Both authors contribute equally to this work.

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